Background: The pathogenesis and pulmonary histopathological characteristics of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) are not yet fully understood. Therefore, we established animal models of HP of different stages, aiming to provide support for research on this disease. Methods: We established rat models of pigeon breeder’s lung of different pathological types by creating freeze-dried allergen powder from fresh pigeon feathers, dander, and other droppings. Freeze-dried allergen powder suspensions of pigeon droppings were used to establish 2 rat models of HP, one by aerosol inhalation and one by airway instillation, and the rats were sacrificed after different lengths of time to observe the pathological changes in their lung tissues. Results: By the 40th week after allergen inhalation, granulomas were the main changes in the model, without fibrotic changes. When using airway instillation to establish the model, at the 20th week, group 1 (low dose + twice/week) and group 2 (medium dose + twice/week) showed granuloma changes, but no fibrosis; group 3 (high dose + once/week) and group 4 (high dose + twice/week) both showed obvious pulmonary fibrotic changes, but the death rate of rats in group 4 was greater. Conclusions: Both aerosol inhalation and airway instillation of freeze-dried pigeon allergen powder can successfully establish an HP model. The airway instillation method can cause pulmonary fibrotic changes in a short time, and the pulmonary pathological changes of animal models manifest with an obvious time-dose effect.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol

中文翻译：

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利用鸽粪建立不同病理类型过敏性肺炎大鼠模型


背景：过敏性肺炎（HP）的发病机制和肺部组织病理学特征尚未完全了解。因此，我们建立了不同阶段的HP动物模型，旨在为该疾病的研究提供支持。方法：采用新鲜鸽毛、皮屑等粪便制备冻干过敏原粉末，建立不同病理类型的种鸽大鼠肺模型。采用鸽粪冻干过敏原粉悬液建立2种HP大鼠模型，1种采用气雾吸入法，1种采用气道滴注法，不同时间后处死大鼠，观察肺组织病理变化。结果：吸入过敏原后第40周，模型主要变化为肉芽肿，无纤维化变化。采用气道滴注建立模型时，第20周时，第1组（低剂量+2次/周）和2组（中剂量+2次/周）出现肉芽肿改变，但未见纤维化；第3组（高剂量+每周1次）和第4组（高剂量+每周2次）均出现明显的肺纤维化改变，但第4组大鼠死亡率更高。结论：气雾吸入和气道滴注冻干鸽过敏原粉均可成功建立HP模型。气道滴注法可在短时间内引起肺纤维化改变，动物模型的肺部病理变化表现出明显的时间剂量效应。
 Int Arch 过敏免疫