Although European Union legal frameworks tend to conceive of sex and gender in binary terms, a growing number of countries in Europe and around the world have been increasingly allowing for third gender markers and non-binary possibilities in identity documents, passports, and public registries, of which the X marker in the sex or gender field has become the most common. However, initiatives like the X, which may initially signal trans-friendliness, must be considered alongside heightened border surveillance. As more and more European countries begin to follow this trend of expanding possibilities for registering (non-binary) gender (e.g. Malta, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands), we look here to some illustrative examples (e.g. Nepal, Canada, Pakistan) that have been at the forefront of non-binary legal recognition to interrogate the complications and conundrums that these developments may provoke in European contexts.

尽管欧盟法律框架倾向于从二元的角度来考虑性别和性别，但越来越多的欧洲和世界各地的国家越来越多地允许在身份证件、护照和公共登记处使用第三性别标记和非二元可能性，其中sex或gender字段中的X标记成为最常见的。然而，像 X 这样的举措最初可能标志着跨友好，必须与加强边境监视一起考虑。随着越来越多的欧洲国家开始追随这一趋势，扩大登记（非二元）性别的可能性（例如马耳他、丹麦、德国、荷兰），我们在这里看一些说明性的例子（例如尼泊尔、加拿大、