The Russian philosopher Nikolai Onufrievich Lossky (1870–1965) adhered to an evolutionary metaphysics of reincarnation according to which the world is constituted of immortal souls or monads, which he calls ‘substantival agents.’ These substantival agents can evolve or devolve depending on the goodness or badness of their behavior. Such evolution requires the possibility for monads to reincarnate into the bodies of creatures of a higher or of a lower level on the scala perfectionis . According to this theory, a substantival agent can evolve by being gradually reincarnated multiple times through a sort of process of metamorphosis from the level of the most elementary particles all the way up to the level of human beings or even higher. In ‘Ученiе Лейбница о перевоплощенiи какъ метаморфозѣ’ (‘Leibniz’s Doctrine of Reincarnation as Metamorphosis,’ 1931), Lossky argues that the works of Leibniz contain scattered elements of such a systematic evolutionary doctrine of reincarnation as metamorphosis and he attempts to reconstitute this doctrine. The present article is intended as an historical introduction to the translation (published in the same journal issue) of Lossky’s ‘Leibniz’s Doctrine of Reincarnation as Metamorphosis.’

中文翻译：

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尼古拉·洛斯基的轮回进化形而上学

俄罗斯哲学家 Nikolai Onufrievich Lossky (1870-1965) 坚持轮回的进化形而上学，根据该理论，世界由不朽的灵魂或单子构成，他称之为“实体代理”。这些实质代理可以根据其行为的好坏来进化或退化。这种进化需要单子有可能转世到完美梯级上更高或更低级别的生物的身体中。按照这个理论，一个实体可以通过从最基本的粒子到人类甚至更高层次的一种变态过程，逐渐多次轮回而进化。 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 在“Ученiе Лейбница о перевоплощенiи какъ метаморфозѣ”（“莱布尼茨的转世论为变形”，' 1931)，洛斯基认为，莱布尼茨的著作包含像变态这样的轮回系统进化学说的零散元素，他试图重构这一学说。本文旨在作为对洛斯基的“莱布尼茨的轮回作为变形学说”的翻译（发表在同一期刊上）的历史介绍。