ABSTRACT This paper attempts to develop a few measures or scales of entrepreneurial motives of women, given the socio-cultural factors in developing economies. Within the push–pull theory of entrepreneurial motivation, we use exploratory factor analysis with an orthogonal varimax rotation technique to examine entrepreneurial motivation, integrating it with socio-cultural beliefs. We identify five entrepreneurial motives—self-dependence, preserving handloom culture, providing monetary support, formal job environment, and work-flexibility. Within socially constructed gender roles, generic desires of women are crucial for entrepreneurial behavior. Contrary to existing findings, we found that women with a higher desire to provide monetary support to their family were found to be less likely to become micro-entrepreneurs, which can be accounted for their poor economic conditions, a significant risk-averse attitude, and credit constraints. The scales constructed could be used across cultures, especially in developing economies. Their replication should provide an understanding of why women micro-entrepreneurs tend to be concentrated in specific sectors, resulting in gender segregation. Given the context specific measurement items, scholars interested in studying socio-cultural attributes in entrepreneurial motivation can further develop and validate the multi-item constructs that distinguish women’s motivations for specific activities.

中文翻译：

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女性创业的社会文化动机：探索阿萨姆邦的手工业

摘要 鉴于发展中经济体的社会文化因素，本文试图制定一些衡量女性创业动机的措施或量表。在创业动机的推拉理论中，我们使用探索性因素分析和正交方差旋转技术来检查创业动机，并将其与社会文化信仰相结合。我们确定了五种创业动机——自力更生、保护手摇纺织机文化、提供资金支持、正式的工作环境和工作灵活性。在社会建构的性别角色中，女性的普遍愿望对创业行为至关重要。与现有调查结果相反，我们发现更愿意为家人提供金钱支持的女性成为微型企业家的可能性较小，这可以解释为他们糟糕的经济状况、显着的风险规避态度和信贷限制。构建的量表可以跨文化使用，尤其是在发展中经济体。它们的复制应该有助于理解为什么女性微型企业家往往集中在特定部门，从而导致性别隔离。给定上下文特定的测量项目，对研究创业动机中的社会文化属性感兴趣的学者可以进一步开发和验证多项目结构，以区分女性特定活动的动机。它们的复制应该有助于理解为什么女性微型企业家往往集中在特定部门，从而导致性别隔离。给定上下文特定的测量项目，有兴趣研究创业动机的社会文化属性的学者可以进一步开发和验证多项目结构，以区分女性特定活动的动机。它们的复制应该有助于理解为什么女性微型企业家往往集中在特定部门，从而导致性别隔离。给定上下文特定的测量项目，对研究创业动机中的社会文化属性感兴趣的学者可以进一步开发和验证多项目结构，以区分女性特定活动的动机。