This study determined the effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs)-enriched hen eggs consumption on immunoglobulin G (IgG) and total plasma protein N-glycan profiles and inflammatory biomarkers level in healthy individuals (N = 33) and cardiovascular (CV) patients (N = 21). Subjects were divided to Control-Healthy and Control-CV subgroups [consumed three regular hens’ eggs/daily (249 mg n-3 PUFAs/day)], and n-3 PUFAs-Healthy and n-3 PUFAs-CV subgroups [consumed three n-3 PUFAs-enriched hen eggs/daily (1053 mg n-3 PUFAs/day)] for 3 weeks. Serum-free fatty acids profile and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin 6 and 10 (IL-6, IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor alpha were measured. Total plasma protein and IgG N-glycome have been profiled before and after dietary protocols. Serum n-3 PUFAs concentration significantly increased following n-3 PUFAs hen eggs consumption in both n-3 PUFAs-Healthy and n-3 PUFAs-CV. IL-10 significantly increased in both Healthy subgroups, whereas no change occurred in CV subgroups. Derived IgG N-glycan traits: bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (B) significantly decreased in n-3 PUFAs-Healthy, whereas agalactosylation (G0) and core fucosylation (CF) significantly increased in Control-Healthy. Derived total plasma protein N-glycan traits: high branching glycans, trigalactosylation, tetragalactosylation, trisialylation, tetrasialylation and antennary fucosylation significantly decreased, whereas G0, monogalactosylation (G1), neutral glycans (S0), B, CF and oligomannose structures significantly increased in n-3 PUFAs-CV. Digalactosylation significantly decreased, and G0, G1, S0, disialylation, B and CF significantly increased in Control-CV. n-3 PUFAs consumption alters IgG N-glycan traits and IL-10 in healthy individuals, and total plasma protein N-glycan traits in CV patients, by shifting them toward less inflammatory N-glycosylation profile.

中文翻译：

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食用富含 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸的鸡蛋对健康个体和心血管患者 IgG 和总血浆蛋白 N-糖基化的影响

本研究确定了食用富含n -3 多不饱和脂肪酸 ( n -3 PUFA) 的鸡蛋对健康个体的免疫球蛋白 G (IgG) 和总血浆蛋白N-聚糖谱和炎症生物标志物水平的影响 ( N  = 33) 和心血管 (CV) 患者 ( N  = 21)。受试者被分为健康对照和CV 对照亚组[每天食用三个普通鸡蛋（249 mg n -3 PUFAs/天）]，n -3 PUFAs-健康和n -3 PUFAs-CV 亚组[食用三个n -3 富含 PUFA 的鸡蛋/每天（1053 mg n-3 PUFAs/天）] 3 周。测量了血清游离脂肪酸谱和高敏 C 反应蛋白、白细胞介素 6 和 10（IL-6、IL-10）和肿瘤坏死因子 α。已经在饮食方案之前和之后分析了总血浆蛋白和 IgG N-糖组。在n -3 PUFAs-Healthy 和n -3 PUFAs-CV中， n -3 PUFAs 鸡蛋消耗后血清n -3 PUFAs 浓度显着增加。IL-10 在两个健康亚组中显着增加，而 CV 亚组没有变化。衍生的 IgG N-聚糖性状：二等分N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖 (B) 在n中显着降低-3 PUFAs-Healthy，而在 Control-Healthy 中半乳糖基化 (G0) 和核心岩藻糖基化 (CF) 显着增加。衍生的总血浆蛋白N-聚糖特征：高分支聚糖、三半乳糖基化、四半乳糖基化、三唾液酸化、四唾液酸化和触角岩藻糖基化显着降低，而 G0、单半乳糖基化 (G1)、中性聚糖 (S0)、B、CF 和寡甘露糖结构在n中显着增加-3 PUFAs-CV。在 Control-CV 中，双半乳糖基化显着降低，G0、G1、S0、二唾液酸化、B 和 CF 显着增加。n -3 PUFAs 消耗会改变健康个体的 IgG N-聚糖特征和 IL-10，以及总血浆蛋白NCV 患者的多糖特征，通过将其转向炎症性较低的 N-糖基化谱。