Abstract

The article describes the experience in the development and research of automatic power-control systems and operating modes for various equipment of the thermal power plants gained at the All-Russia Thermal Engineering Research Institute over the past 20 years. Further, it presents a unique file of the results of dynamic and certification tests of thermal power plants’ equipment of various types. The transient processes of the main control actions are described, and technological characteristics of the most representative experiments aimed at checking the conformance of the equipment with the requirements of the rated primary frequency control (RPFC) when simulating step deviations of the frequency for gas-and-oil-burning power-generating plants with a condensing turbine and a drum boiler and for a combined-cycle plant are provided. Stages and results of the research on this subject that had a significant influence on the development of the control systems in Russia are reviewed. For example, the research project on exploring the possibility and feasibility of engaging the cross-connection thermal power plants in the RPFC initiated by the System Operator of the Unified Energy System (SO UES) is described and the results of experimental implementation of the RPFC requirements at a cross-connection thermal power plant exemplified by the Priufimskaya TPP are presented. A long and important phase of the work conducted at the institute to engage the thermal power plants in solving tasks in energy systems was a study into the influence of the control modes on the operation of the equipment supported by the SO UES and conducted in 2009–2013. In the course of the research, approaches to the determination of the probable reduction in the cost-efficiency and reliability of the thermal power plants were developed. The introduction of the power reserves was analyzed. The results of the study facilitated the effective development of the energy service market in Russia. All researches on the automatic control conducted at the institute are based not only on experimental results and calculations but also on model-based investigations. As an example, the article provides results of studying the efficiency of equipping thermal power plants with automatic power-control systems. The tasks of the current research aimed at ensuring reliable and correct interaction between the automatic power-control systems and the emergency control automatics are formulated.

中文翻译：

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火电厂参与调频调电

摘要

文章介绍了全俄热工研究所20年来在火力发电厂各种设备自动功率控制系统和运行模式的开发和研究方面的经验。此外，它还提供了一个独特的文件，其中包含各种类型的火力发电厂设备的动态和认证测试结果。描述了主要控制动作的瞬态过程，以及最具代表性的实验的技术特性，旨在检查设备在模拟气体频率阶跃偏差时是否符合额定主频率控制（RPFC）的要求。 - 提供带有冷凝式涡轮机和汽包锅炉的燃油发电厂以及用于联合循环设备。回顾了对该主题的研究阶段和结果，这些研究对俄罗斯控制系统的发展产生了重大影响。例如，描述了由统一能源系统 (SO UES) 的系统运营商发起的探索在 RPFC 中使用交叉连接火力发电厂的可能性和可行性的研究项目以及 RPFC 要求的实验实施结果展示了以 Priufimskaya TPP 为代表的交叉连接热电厂。该研究所为让火力发电厂解决能源系统中的任务而进行的一个长期而重要的工作是研究控制模式对 SO UES 支持的设备运行的影响，并于 2009 年进行 - 2013 年。在研究过程中，制定了确定火力发电厂成本效益和可靠性可能下降的方法。分析了动力储备的引入。研究结果促进了俄罗斯能源服务市场的有效发展。该研究所进行的所有自动控制研究不仅基于实验结果和计算，而且基于模型研究。例如，本文提供了研究为火力发电厂配备自动功率控制系统的效率的结果。当前研究的任务旨在确保自动电力控制系统和紧急控制自动装置之间可靠和正确的交互。