A comparative study was performed on the mechanical, thermal, and fouling properties of membranes on a neat polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and a (TFN)PVDF/polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)-g-TiO₂ thin film nanocomposite. PVP brushes (as a hydrophilic and porosity agent) were successfully grafted onto TiO₂ nanoparticles (as antibacterial and antifoulant agent) by surface reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization to avoid agglomeration and enhance a uniform dispersion in the PVDF membrane matrix. Different percentages of PVP-g-TiO₂-grafted nanoparticles (GNPs) ranging from 0.5 to 3.0% (wt) were added into PVDF membranes. The results indicated that the pure water flux, rejection performance, and fouling behavior of the membranes were improved with increase in nanoparticle content by 2.0% (wt). Further increase in nanoparticle (NP) content diminished the membrane performance. FESEM, TGA, FTIR and AFM analyses were conducted on the membranes: PVDF and the nanocomposite with 2.0% (wt) of NPs. The results obtained showed that the numbers and sizes of pores on the surface of nanocomposite PVDF/PVP-g-TiO₂ membrane increased in comparison to neat PVDF membrane. Simultaneously, the surface hydrophilicity of nanocomposite membranes increased with increasing PVP-g-TiO₂GNP content and the contact angle was decreased. Accordingly, EDX mapping analysis confirmed the uniform dispersion of PVP-g-TiO₂GNPs in the polymeric matrix. Surface roughness and thermal stability of prepared membranes were improved with the addition of PVP-g-TiO₂GNPs.

对纯聚偏二氟乙烯 (PVDF) 和 (TFN)PVDF/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 (PVP) -g- TiO ₂薄膜纳米复合材料上的膜的机械、热和污染特性进行了比较研究。PVP 刷（作为亲水和孔隙剂）通过表面可逆加成-断裂链转移（RAFT）聚合成功接枝到 TiO ₂纳米粒子（作为抗菌和防污剂）上，以避免团聚并增强在 PVDF 膜基质中的均匀分散。不同百分比的PVP- g- TiO ₂将 0.5% 至 3.0% (wt) 的接枝纳米粒子 (GNP) 添加到 PVDF 膜中。结果表明，随着纳米颗粒含量增加 2.0% (wt)，膜的纯水通量、截留性能和污染行为得到改善。纳米颗粒 (NP) 含量的进一步增加降低了膜性能。对膜进行了 FESEM、TGA、FTIR 和 AFM 分析：PVDF 和具有 2.0% (wt) NPs 的纳米复合材料。所得结果表明，与纯PVDF膜相比，纳米复合PVDF/PVP- g- TiO ₂膜表面上孔的数量和尺寸增加。同时，纳米复合膜的表面亲水性随着PVP- g- TiO _{2 的}增加而增加。GNP 含量和接触角降低。因此，EDX 映射分析证实了 PVP- g- TiO ₂ GNP 在聚合物基质中的均匀分散。添加PVP- g- TiO ₂ GNP改善了制备膜的表面粗糙度和热稳定性。