Since the coverage of piped water is still only 20.1% in Indonesia, many people rely on groundwater for drinking and daily use, although the quality of the groundwater is not well understood. This study evaluated the influence of the topography, well type, groundwater abstraction depth, sanitation facility type, and distance between the well and the sanitation facility on the groundwater quality. In addition, a possible household treatment system was investigated based on microbial removal efficiency and household acceptance. The results showed the groundwater abstraction depth and well type were the most important factors in controlling microbial contamination. The sanitation facility type, except small-scale sewer systems, and the distance from a well were not significantly correlated with E. coli concentration. A high microbial concentration was found in a flat area with predominantly shallow wells, latrines, and septic tanks because the topographic conditions determined the commonly used well types and groundwater abstraction depth. The RO + UV system was the only system that assured microbial safety of treated water. The chlorination and microfiltration systems had difficulty with chlorine-dosage adjustment and microbial removal, respectively. Raising public awareness of water quality problems was found to be important to improve acceptance of household treatment systems.

中文翻译：

---

印度尼西亚日惹省不同地形条件下地下水微生物污染及家庭水处理系统评价

由于印度尼西亚的自来水覆盖率仍然只有20.1%，许多人依靠地下水来饮用和生活，尽管对地下水的质量还不是很了解。本研究评估了地形、井型、地下水抽取深度、卫生设施类型以及井与卫生设施之间的距离对地下水质量的影响。此外，基于微生物去除效率和家庭接受度，研究了一种可能的家庭处理系统。结果表明，地下水抽取深度和井型是控制微生物污染的最重要因素。卫生设施类型（小型下水道系统除外）以及距井的距离与大肠杆菌没有显着相关性专注。在以浅井、厕所和化粪池为主的平坦区域中发现了高微生物浓度，因为地形条件决定了常用的井类型和地下水抽取深度。RO + UV 系统是唯一确保处理过的水的微生物安全的系统。氯化和微滤系统分别在氯剂量​​调整和微生物去除方面存在困难。研究发现，提高公众对水质问题的认识对于提高家庭处理系统的接受度很重要。