Iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) are harmful for human health, if present in a higher concentration, particularly in groundwater. The results of the study revealed that the concentration of Fe and Mn exceeded the WHO guideline for safe drinking water in 88 % and 74 % of groundwater samples, respectively. The non-carcinogenic health risk as assessed through computation of hazard quotient (HQ) due to intake of Fe and Mn contaminated groundwater was found much higher for children and adults. The values of HQ were recorded up to 1.96 for children and 1.52 for adult in case of Fe; and up to 2.13 for children and 1.61 for adult associated with Mn. On the basis of occurrence and spatial distribution of Fe and Mn in groundwater, the study area was delineated under high, elevated and low risk zone for priority attention.

铁 (Fe) 和锰 (Mn) 如果以较高浓度存在，尤其是在地下水中，则对人体健康有害。研究结果显示，88% 和 74% 的地下水样品中铁和锰的浓度分别超过了世界卫生组织关于安全饮用水的指南。由于摄入铁和锰污染的地下水，通过计算危害商数 (HQ) 评估的非致癌健康风险对儿童和成人而言要高得多。在铁的情况下，儿童的 HQ 值最高为 1.96，成人为 1.52；与锰相关的儿童高达 2.13，成人高达 1.61。根据地下水中Fe、Mn的赋存情况和空间分布，将研究区划定为重点关注的高、高、低风险区。