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Effects of sulfur application on cadmium accumulation in brown rice under wheat-rice rotation
Environmental Pollution ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-16 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117601 Lijuan Huang 1 , Hans Chr Bruun Hansen 2 , Xiaosong Yang 3 , Jing Mu 1 , Zijian Xie 3 , Songyan Li 1 , Guangmei Wu 4 , Zhengyi Hu 5
Environmental Pollution ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-16 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117601 Lijuan Huang 1 , Hans Chr Bruun Hansen 2 , Xiaosong Yang 3 , Jing Mu 1 , Zijian Xie 3 , Songyan Li 1 , Guangmei Wu 4 , Zhengyi Hu 5
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We investigated how sulfur (S) application prior to wheat cultivation under wheat-rice rotation influences the uptake of cadmium (Cd) in rice grown in low- and high-Cd soils. A pot experiment was conducted with four S levels (0, 30, 60, 120 mg S kg) and two Cd rates (low and high, 0.35 and 10.35 mg Cd kg) supplied to wheat. Part of the wheat straw was returned to the soil before planting rice, which was cultivated for 132 days. To explore the key mechanisms by which S application controlled Cd accumulation in brown rice, (1) soil pore water at the key growth stages was sampled, and dissolved Cd and S species concentrations were determined; (2) rice plant tissues (including iron plaque on the root surface) were sampled at maturity for Cd and S analysis. With increasing S level, Cd accumulation in brown rice peaked at 60 mg S kg, irrespective of soil Cd levels. For high-Cd soils, concentrations of Cd in brown rice increased by 57%, 228%, and 100% at 30, 60, and 120 mg S kg, respectively, compared with no S treatment. The increase in brown rice Cd by low S levels (0–60 mg kg) could be attributed to (1) the S-induced increase in soil pore water sulfate increasing the Cd influx into rice roots and (2) the S-induced increase in leaf S promoting Cd translocation into brown rice. However, brown rice Cd decreased at 120 mg S kg due to (1) low Cd solubility at 120 mg S kg and (2) root and leaf S uptake, which inhibited Cd uptake. Sulfur application to wheat crop increased the risk of Cd accumulation in brown rice. Thus, applying S-containing fertilizers to Cd-contaminated paddy soils is not recommended.
中文翻译：
施硫对麦稻轮作糙米镉积累的影响
我们研究了麦稻轮作小麦种植前施用硫 (S) 如何影响低镉和高镉土壤中水稻对镉 (Cd) 的吸收。盆栽试验采用四种 S 水平（0、30、60、120 mg S·kg）和两种 Cd 水平（低和高，0.35 和 10.35 mg Cd·kg）提供给小麦。种植水稻前将部分麦秆还田，种植了132天。为探究施S控制糙米Cd积累的关键机制，（1）对关键生育期土壤孔隙水进行采样，测定溶解态Cd和S形态浓度； (2)成熟时采集水稻植株组织(包括根表面的铁斑)进行Cd和S分析。随着硫含量的增加，无论土壤镉含量如何，糙米中镉的积累在 60 mg S kg 时达到峰值。对于高镉土壤，与无硫处理相比，在 30、60 和 120 mg S·kg 处理下，糙米中的 Cd 浓度分别增加了 57%、228% 和 100%。低硫水平（0-60 mg kg）导致糙米镉含量增加，可归因于（1）硫引起的土壤孔隙水硫酸盐增加，增加了镉流入稻根；（2）硫引起的增加叶 S 促进 Cd 转入糙米。然而，糙米镉在 120 mg S kg 浓度下下降，原因是（1）120 mg S kg 浓度下镉溶解度较低，以及（2）根部和叶片对 S 的吸收抑制了 Cd 吸收。小麦作物施硫增加了糙米中镉积累的风险。因此，不建议在镉污染的水稻土上施用含硫肥料。
更新日期：2021-06-16
中文翻译：
施硫对麦稻轮作糙米镉积累的影响
我们研究了麦稻轮作小麦种植前施用硫 (S) 如何影响低镉和高镉土壤中水稻对镉 (Cd) 的吸收。盆栽试验采用四种 S 水平（0、30、60、120 mg S·kg）和两种 Cd 水平（低和高，0.35 和 10.35 mg Cd·kg）提供给小麦。种植水稻前将部分麦秆还田，种植了132天。为探究施S控制糙米Cd积累的关键机制，（1）对关键生育期土壤孔隙水进行采样，测定溶解态Cd和S形态浓度； (2)成熟时采集水稻植株组织(包括根表面的铁斑)进行Cd和S分析。随着硫含量的增加，无论土壤镉含量如何，糙米中镉的积累在 60 mg S kg 时达到峰值。对于高镉土壤，与无硫处理相比，在 30、60 和 120 mg S·kg 处理下，糙米中的 Cd 浓度分别增加了 57%、228% 和 100%。低硫水平（0-60 mg kg）导致糙米镉含量增加，可归因于（1）硫引起的土壤孔隙水硫酸盐增加，增加了镉流入稻根；（2）硫引起的增加叶 S 促进 Cd 转入糙米。然而，糙米镉在 120 mg S kg 浓度下下降，原因是（1）120 mg S kg 浓度下镉溶解度较低，以及（2）根部和叶片对 S 的吸收抑制了 Cd 吸收。小麦作物施硫增加了糙米中镉积累的风险。因此，不建议在镉污染的水稻土上施用含硫肥料。
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