Stem Cell Reviews and Reports ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-16 , DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10193-z Daniela S C Bispo 1 , Catarina S H Jesus 1 , Inês M C Marques 1 , Katarzyna M Romek 1 , Mariana B Oliveira 1 , João F Mano 1 , Ana M Gil 1
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Abstract
This review describes the use of metabolomics to study stem cell (SC) characteristics and function, excluding SCs in cancer research, suited to a fully dedicated text. The interest in employing metabolomics in SC research has consistently grown and emphasis is, here, given to developments reported in the past five years. This text informs on the existing methodologies and their complementarity regarding the information provided, comprising untargeted/targeted approaches, which couple mass spectrometry or nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy with multivariate analysis (and, in some cases, pathway analysis and integration with other omics), and more specific analytical approaches, namely isotope tracing to highlight particular metabolic pathways, or in tandem microscopic strategies to pinpoint characteristics within a single cell. The bulk of this review covers the existing applications in various aspects of mesenchymal SC behavior, followed by pluripotent and neural SCs, with a few reports addressing other SC types. Some of the central ideas investigated comprise the metabolic/biological impacts of different tissue/donor sources and differentiation conditions, including the importance of considering 3D culture environments, mechanical cues and/or media enrichment to guide differentiation into specific lineages. Metabolomic analysis has considered cell endometabolomes and exometabolomes (fingerprinting and footprinting, respectively), having measured both lipid species and polar metabolites involved in a variety of metabolic pathways. This review clearly demonstrates the current enticing promise of metabolomics in significantly contributing towards a deeper knowledge on SC behavior, and the discovery of new biomarkers of SC function with potential translation to in vivo clinical practice.
Graphical abstract
中文翻译：
干细胞研究中的代谢组学应用：综述
摘要
这篇综述描述了使用代谢组学研究干细胞 (SC) 的特征和功能，不包括癌症研究中的 SCs，适合完全专用的文本。在 SC 研究中使用代谢组学的兴趣一直在增长，这里的重点是过去五年报告的发展。本文介绍了现有方法及其与所提供信息的互补性，包括非靶向/靶向方法，将质谱或核磁共振光谱与多变量分析（以及在某些情况下，通路分析和与其他组学的整合）相结合，以及更具体的分析方法，即同位素示踪以突出特定的代谢途径，或串联微观策略以查明单个细胞内的特征。这篇综述的大部分内容涵盖了间充质 SC 行为各个方面的现有应用，其次是多能和神经 SC，还有一些报告涉及其他 SC 类型。研究的一些中心思想包括不同组织/供体来源和分化条件的代谢/生物学影响，包括考虑 3D 培养环境、机械线索和/或培养基富集以指导分化成特定谱系的重要性。代谢组学分析考虑了细胞内代谢组和外代谢组（分别为指纹和足迹），测量了涉及各种代谢途径的脂质种类和极性代谢物。
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