Phytophthora spp. are the causal agents of gummosis or foot rot, fibrous root rot, and fruit brown rot diseases that affect the roots, trunk, and fruits of citrus trees, causing severe economic losses. This work presents an updated systematic review addressing the defence responses in citrus against Phytophthora and the strategies to manage Phytophthora diseases. Applying a new method of search based on an explicit, rigorous, and transparent methodology. For this purpose, a systematic literature review was conducted using the databases available for academic research. The main plant defence mechanisms reported in the cited papers are the hypersensitivity response, cell wall reinforcement, production of pathogenesis-related proteins, and expression of defence-related genes. Moreover, the main strategies to manage Phytophthora root rot are organic compounds in the soil and biological control with fungi and bacteria. In addition, inhibition of Phytophthora gummosis or canker by applying new oomycota fungicides and reducing the incidence of brown fruit rot through the application of potassium phosphite have also been reported. Moreover, modern plant biotechnology techniques can help to accelerate the selection of resistant rootstocks in breeding programs, as controlled crossings for the generation of hybrids, somatic hybridisation, transgenic citrus plants, mapped genomic regions of Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs), candidate genes, metabolic markers and comparative transcriptomic. These innovative techniques represent a suitable tool to breed new Phytophthora resistant rootstocks, which is widely recognised as the best strategy to face gummosis or foot rot, fibrous root rot and ultimately minimise the expensive use of pesticides in crop protection.

疫霉属 是导致柑橘树根、树干和果实发生树胶病或腐烂病、须根腐烂和果实褐腐病的病原体，造成严重的经济损失。这项工作提供了一份更新的系统综述，涉及柑橘对疫霉的防御反应和管理疫霉的策略疾病。应用基于明确、严格和透明的方法的新搜索方法。为此，使用可用于学术研究的数据库进行了系统的文献综述。引用论文中报道的主要植物防御机制是超敏反应、细胞壁强化、发病相关蛋白的产生和防御相关基因的表达。此外，管理疫霉根腐病的主要策略是土壤中的有机化合物和真菌和细菌的生物控制。此外，抑制疫霉还报告了通过应用新的卵菌属杀菌剂和通过应用亚磷酸钾来减少褐色水果腐烂的发生率而导致的树胶病或溃疡病。此外，现代植物生物技术技术可以帮助加速育种计划中抗性砧木的选择，如杂交产生的受控杂交、体细胞杂交、转基因柑橘植物、定量性状位点 (QTL) 的基因组图谱区域、候选基因、代谢标记和比较转录组学。这些创新技术代表了一种合适的工具来培育新的抗疫霉砧木，这被广泛认为是应对树胶病或根腐病、根腐病并最终最大限度地减少作物保护中昂贵的农药使用的最佳策略。