ABSTRACT

This study aimed to explore peoples’ perception on rules-in-use and interaction among actors in a community-based peatland restoration program (CBPRP) in Raja Muja Forest Reserve (RMFR) of peninsular Malaysia. We followed Ostrom’s institutional analysis and development framework, and collected both qualitative and quantitative data through organizing a stakeholders’ workshop, 200 structured interviews, four focus group discussions and five key informants’ interviews. Local people claimed that there was significant decline in their rights to access forests (χ² = 49.42, p = .001), extraction of forest resources (χ² = 53.02, p = .001), recreational (χ² = 10.32, p = .001) and agricultural uses (χ² = 4.35, p = .05) due to change in governance regimes from state forest management toward CBPRP. However, CBPRP introduced several social development programs for local community. This study identified 44 actors under seven categories, and only two actors (Selangor State Forestry Department and Global Environment Center, an NGO) played significant roles in decision-making process and interacted with other actors in peatland restoration actions. Community people had only participated in the implementation of rehabilitation actions. In order to sustain community development and sustainable management of RMFR, we suggest to reform multi-stakeholder governance structure that ensures active participation of local community people.

摘要

本研究旨在探讨人们对马来西亚半岛 Raja Muja 森林保护区 (RMFR) 以社区为基础的泥炭地恢复计划 (CBPRP) 的使用规则和参与者之间的互动的看法。我们遵循奥斯特罗姆的制度分析和发展框架，通过组织利益相关者研讨会、200 次结构化访谈、4 次焦点小组讨论和 5 名关键线人访谈来收集定性和定量数据。当地人声称，他们获得森林（χ ²  = 49.42，p = .001）、森林资源开采（χ ²  = 53.02，p = .001）、娱乐（χ ²  = 10.32，p= .001) 和农业用途 (χ ²  = 4.35, p = .05)，因为治理体制从国家森林管理转向 CBPRP。然而，CBPRP 为当地社区引入了几个社会发展计划。本研究确定了 7 个类别的 44 个参与者，只有两个参与者（雪兰莪州林业局和非政府组织全球环境中心）在决策过程中发挥了重要作用，并在泥炭地恢复行动中与其他参与者互动。社区居民只参与了康复行动的实施。为了维持社区发展和 RMFR 的可持续管理，我们建议改革多利益相关方治理结构，确保当地社区人民的积极参与。