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A multi-representation approach to the contextual interference effect: effects of sequence length and practice
Psychological Research ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-16 , DOI: 10.1007/s00426-021-01543-0
Willem B Verwey 1, 2 , David L Wright 2 , Maarten A Immink 3
Affiliation  

The present study investigated the long-term benefit of Random-Practice (RP) over Blocked-Practice (BP) within the contextual interference (CI) effect for motor learning. We addressed the extent to which motor sequence length and practice amount factors moderate the CI effect given that previous reports, often in applied research, have reported no long-term advantage from RP. Based on predictions arising from the Cognitive framework of Sequential Motor Behavior (C-SMB) and using the Discrete Sequence Production (DSP) task, two experiments were conducted to compare limited and extended practice amounts of 4- and 7-key sequences under RP and BP schedules. Twenty-four-hour delayed retention performance confirmed the C-SMB prediction that the CI-effect occurs only with short sequences that receive little practice. The benefit of RP with limited practice was associated with overnight motor memory consolidation. Further testing with single-stimulus as well as novel and unstructured (i.e., random) sequences indicated that limited practice under RP schedules enhances both reaction and chunking modes of sequence execution with the latter mode benefitting from the development of implicit and explicit forms of sequence representation. In the case of 7-key sequences, extended practice with RP and BP schedules provided for equivalent development of sequence representations. Higher explicit awareness of sequence structures was associated with faster completion of practiced but also of novel and unstructured sequences.



中文翻译:

上下文干扰效应的多表示方法:序列长度和实践的影响

本研究调查了在运动学习的上下文干扰 (CI) 效应中随机练习 (RP) 相对于阻塞练习 (BP) 的长期益处。我们讨论了运动序列长度和练习量因素在多大程度上调节 CI 效应,因为以前的报告(通常在应用研究中)没有报告 RP 的长期优势。基于顺序运动行为(C-SMB)的认知框架产生的预测,并使用离散序列产生(DSP)任务,进行了两个实验来比较 RP 和 7 键序列的有限和扩展练习量。 BP 时间表。24 小时的延迟保留性能证实了 C-SMB 的预测,即 CI 效应仅发生在几乎没有练习的短序列中。RP 与有限练习的好处与隔夜运动记忆巩固有关。对单刺激以及新颖和非结构化(即随机)序列的进一步测试表明,RP 计划下的有限实践增强了序列执行的反应和分块模式,后一种模式受益于序列表示的隐式和显式形式的发展. 在 7 键序列的情况下,RP 和 BP 时间表的扩展实践提供了序列表示的等效开发。对序列结构的更高明确意识与更快地完成练习有关,但也与新的和非结构化序列有关。random) 序列表明,RP 调度下的有限实践增强了序列执行的反应和分块模式,后一种模式受益于序列表示的隐式和显式形式的发展。在 7 键序列的情况下,RP 和 BP 时间表的扩展实践提供了序列表示的等效开发。对序列结构的更高明确意识与更快地完成练习有关,但也与新的和非结构化序列有关。random) 序列表明,RP 调度下的有限实践增强了序列执行的反应和分块模式,后一种模式受益于序列表示的隐式和显式形式的发展。在 7 键序列的情况下,RP 和 BP 时间表的扩展实践提供了序列表示的等效开发。对序列结构的更高明确意识与更快地完成练习有关,但也与新的和非结构化序列有关。为序列表示的等效开发提供了 RP 和 BP 计划的扩展实践。对序列结构的更高明确意识与更快地完成练习有关,但也与新的和非结构化序列有关。为序列表示的等效开发提供了 RP 和 BP 计划的扩展实践。对序列结构的更高明确意识与更快地完成练习有关,但也与新的和非结构化序列有关。

更新日期:2021-06-17
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