The embedding of steel bars is proposed to enhance the load-bearing performance of bamboo beams. Based on laboratory tests, the bending behavior of bamboo beams reinforced with steel bars or prestressed steel bars was analyzed using finite element software. Comparing the finite element simulation results with those measured in tests, it can be found that the load–displacement curves coincide with each other, and the strain development processes in the mid-span are basically the same. The prediction by the finite element simulation has good accuracy. The embedding of steel bars and prestressed steel bars can effectively improve the ultimate bearing capacity (up to 27.0%), bending stiffness at the serviceability limit state (up to 42.61%), ductility (up to 22.9%), and material utilization efficiency (up to 34.1%) for the bamboo beams. The embedding of steel bars makes the bamboo in the compression zone of the beams develop with higher efficiency, and applying the prestress for steel bars can produce reverse bending deformation and reduce the actual deflection for the reinforced bamboo beam under service load. Under the same reinforcement ratio, the prestress level has a relatively small influence on the ultimate bearing capacity (up to 4.5%) and stiffness (up to 4.5%) of the reinforced beam.

建议嵌入钢筋以提高竹梁的承载性能。在室内试验的基础上，利用有限元软件对钢筋或预应力钢筋增强竹梁的弯曲行为进行了分析。将有限元模拟结果与试验测得的结果进行比较，可以发现荷载-位移曲线相互吻合，跨中应变发展过程基本相同。有限元模拟的预测具有较好的准确性。钢筋和预应力钢筋的嵌入可有效提高极限承载力（高达27.0%）、使用极限状态下的弯曲刚度（高达42.61%）、延性（高达22.9%）和材料利用效率（高达 34.1%）的竹梁。钢筋的嵌入使梁受压区的竹材得到更高的发展效率，对钢筋施加预应力可以产生反向弯曲变形，减少钢筋竹梁在使用荷载下的实际挠度。在相同配筋率下，预应力水平对钢筋梁的极限承载力（可达4.5%）和刚度（可达4.5%）的影响相对较小。