Stress granules (SGs) and processing bodies (P-bodies) are membraneless cytoplasmic condensates of ribonucleoproteins (RNPs). They both regulate RNA fate under physiological and pathological conditions, and are thereby involved in the regulation and maintenance of cellular integrity. During tumorigenesis, cancer cells use these granules to thrive, to adapt to the harsh conditions of the tumor microenvironment (TME), and to protect themselves from anticancer treatments. This ability to provide multiple outcomes not only makes RNP granules promising targets for cancer therapy but also emphasizes the need for more knowledge about the biology of these granules to achieve clinical use. In this review we focus on the role of RNP granules in cancer, and on how their composition and regulation might be used to elaborate therapeutic strategies.

应力颗粒 (SG) 和处理体 (P-体) 是核糖核蛋白 (RNP) 的无膜细胞质凝聚物。它们都在生理和病理条件下调节 RNA 命运，从而参与细胞完整性的调节和维持。在肿瘤发生过程中，癌细胞利用这些颗粒茁壮成长，以适应肿瘤微环境 (TME) 的恶劣条件，并保护自己免受抗癌治疗。这种提供多种结果的能力不仅使 RNP 颗粒成为癌症治疗的有希望的靶点，而且强调需要更多关于这些颗粒的生物学知识以实现临床应用。在这篇综述中，我们关注 RNP 颗粒在癌症中的作用，以及它们的组成和调节如何用于制定治疗策略。