Electric vehicles have proven to be a viable mobility alternative that leads to emissions reductions and hence the decarbonization of the transportation sector. Nevertheless, electric vehicle adoption is progressing slowly. Vehicle fleets are a promising starting point for increased market penetration. With this study, we address the issue of fleet electrification by analyzing a data set of 81 empirical mobility patterns of commercial fleets. We conduct a simulation to design a decision support system for fleet managers evaluating which fleets have a good potential for electrification and how fleets can improve the number of successful electric trips by adapting their charging strategy. We consider both heuristics and optimized scheduling. Our results show that a large share of fleets can score a close to optimal charging schedule using a simple charging heuristic. For all other fleets, we provide a decision mechanism to assess the potential of smart charging mechanisms.

事实证明，电动汽车是一种可行的出行替代方案，可以减少排放，从而实现交通部门的脱碳。然而，电动汽车的采用进展缓慢。车队是提高市场渗透率的一个有希望的起点。通过这项研究，我们通过分析包含 81 种商业车队经验流动模式的数据集来解决车队电气化问题。我们进行了模拟，为车队经理设计决策支持系统，评估哪些车队具有良好的电气化潜力，以及车队如何通过调整充电策略来提高成功的电动出行次数。我们同时考虑启发式和优化调度。我们的结果表明，大部分车队可以使用简单的充电启发式方法获得接近最佳的充电时间表。对于所有其他车队，我们提供决策机制来评估智能充电机制的潜力。