Selective harvesting is a common silvicultural practice to ensure sustainable use of uneven-aged forests, but our understanding of how multiple forest attributes interact to regulate aboveground biomass (AGB) dynamics following selective harvesting remains limited. Using repeated measurements of 13,996 stem-mapped trees distributed in a broad-leaved Korean pine forest (BKPF), we evaluated the recovery trajectory of AGB over a 7-year period following selective harvesting of different intensity: low (15.8% of basal area removed), medium (29.4%) and high (51.4%). In particular, we examined the effects of (1) tree species diversity, (2) stand structure and (3) the post-harvest density on the rate of AGB accumulation (the net annual increment). Despite the enhanced growth of residual trees by all harvesting treatments, rates of AGB accumulation declined with increasing harvesting intensity due to high mortality losses: mean mortality rates of high stands were more than double those of the unharvested stands. Small trees (DBH < 10 cm) suffered greatest mortality because of their sensitivity to changes in environmental conditions. Post-harvest stand biomass and basal area explained most of the variation in the rate of AGB accumulation, followed by stand structural attributes (quadratic mean diameter and growth dominance coefficient), while indices of species diversity (richness, Shannon diversity and evenness) were weak predictors. Our findings suggest that selective harvesting may promote forest production without loss of biodiversity and stimulate the growth of residual trees (particularly small-sized trees, as indicated by the reverse growth dominance) within BKPFs, but harvest intensities should not exceed ~ 30% basal area removed, because higher levels of harvesting are likely to cause serious delays in biomass recovery.

选择性采伐是确保不均匀年龄森林可持续利用的常见造林做法，但我们对多种森林属性如何相互作用以调节选择性采伐后的地上生物量 (AGB) 动态的理解仍然有限。使用分布在阔叶红松林 (BKPF) 中的 13,996 棵茎映射树木的重复测量，我们评估了 AGB 在不同强度的选择性采伐后 7 年期间的恢复轨迹：低（去除了 15.8% 的基底面积） )、中 (29.4%) 和高 (51.4%)。我们特别研究了 (1) 树种多样性、(2) 林分结构和 (3) 收获后密度对 AGB 积累率（年度净增量）的影响。尽管所有采伐处理都促进了残留树木的生长，由于高死亡率损失，AGB 积累率随着采伐强度的增加而下降：高林分的平均死亡率是未采伐林分的两倍多。小树（DBH < 10 cm）由于对环境条件的变化很敏感，因此死亡率最高。收获后林分生物量和基面积解释了 AGB 积累率的大部分变化，其次是林分结构属性（二次平均直径和生长优势系数），而物种多样性指数（丰富度、香农多样性和均匀度）较弱预测因子。我们的研究结果表明，选择性采伐可以在不损失生物多样性的情况下促进森林生产，并刺激残留树木（特别是小型树木、