Since 2011, the European Union’s (EU) free trade agreements (FTAs) include a Trade and Sustainable Development (TSD) chapter which provides for environmental and labour commitments. Nevertheless, the ratification and implementation of these commitments remain insufficient. It is therefore essential to analyse whether the EU has become more ambitious in enforcing the TSD chapter. To analyse the chapter’s enforceability, the EU’s FTAs with South Korea, Canada and Japan have been compared. The comparative analysis was based on three elements: the labour and environmental commitments, institutional mechanisms and the enforcement procedure. Concerning the latter, the ongoing EU-Korea dispute settlement case over workers’ rights in South Korea is the leading example. Until the Commission reveals more assertive enforcement plans, it can be said that the EU has not become more ambitious in enforcing its TSD chapter. Since no major changes were detected in the comparative analysis, several interviewees proposed enforcement mechanisms.

自 2011 年以来，欧盟 (EU) 的自由贸易协定 (FTA) 包括一个贸易和可持续发展 (TSD) 章节，其中规定了环境和劳工承诺。然而，这些承诺的批准和实施仍然不足。因此，有必要分析欧盟在执行 TSD 章节方面是否变得更加雄心勃勃。为了分析本章的可执行性，我们比较了欧盟与韩国、加拿大和日本的自由贸易协定。比较分析基于三个要素：劳工和环境承诺、体制机制和执行程序。关于后者，正在进行的欧盟-韩国关于韩国工人权利的争端解决案就是一个典型的例子。在委员会公布更果断的执法计划之前，可以说，欧盟在执行其 TSD 章节方面并没有变得更加雄心勃勃。由于在比较分析中没有发现重大变化，一些受访者提出了执行机制。