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Measuring Gender Role Conflict, Internalized Stigma, and Racial and Sexual Identity in Behaviorally Bisexual Black Men
Archives of Sexual Behavior ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-16 , DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-01925-w
Homero E Del Pino 1 , W Neil Steers 2 , Martin Lee 3 , Jason McCuller 4 , Ron D Hays 2 , Nina T Harawa 1, 2
Affiliation  

Black men who have sex with men and women (BMSMW) experience pressure to fill hypermasculine ideals and may not identify with “gay” cultural norms. Existing measures of gender role expectations and internalized homophobia are not culturally appropriate for BMSMW. Researchers generally measure categorical identification with race, gender, and sexual orientation groups separately, whereas BMSMW may identify with multiple categories. We modified the Gender Role Conflict Scale to create the M-GRCS and the Internalized Homophobia Scale to include biphobia (Internalized Bi/Homophobia Scale, IBHS). To examine identification at the intersection of race, gender, and sexual orientation, we created 11 Integrated Race and Sexuality Scale (IRSS) items. With data from 429 BMSMW, we conducted exploratory factor analysis of the 59 items using categorical principal axis factoring with unweighted least squares extraction and Promax factor rotation. We created simple-summated multi-item scales and evaluated their construct validity. The rotated solution yielded four factors with 47 items and a simple factor structure: M-GRCS defined two factors (α = .93 for restricted emotionality/affection; .87 for success/power/competition); the IBHS (α = .89) and IRSS (α = .74) each defined a single factor. The IRSS factor was positively correlated with the Lukwago Racial Pride Scale, r(417) = .40. The IBHS factor was negatively correlated with the IRSS factor, r(414) = − .22. The two M-GRCS factors suggest that the construct of hypermasculinity impacts BMSMW. The high IBHS reliability indicates that homophobia and biphobia were positively correlated in this sample. These three scales have potential for future studies with BMSMW.



中文翻译:


衡量双性恋黑人男性行为中的性别角色冲突、内在耻辱以及种族和性别认同



与男性和女性发生性关系的黑人 (BMSMW) 面临着实现超男性理想的压力,并且可能不认同“同性恋”文化规范。现有的性别角色期望和内在同性恋恐惧症的衡量标准在文化上不适合 BMSMW。研究人员通常分别衡量种族、性别和性取向群体的类别认同,而 BMSMW 可能会认同多个类别。我们修改了性别角色冲突量表以创建 M-GRCS 和内部化恐同量表以包含双性恋恐惧症(内部化双性恋/恐同量表,IBHS)。为了检查种族、性别和性取向交叉点的识别,我们创建了 11 个种族和性取向综合量表 (IRSS) 项目。利用来自 429 个 BMSMW 的数据,我们使用分类主轴分解、未加权最小二乘提取和 Promax 因子旋转对 59 个项目进行了探索性因子分析。我们创建了简单求和的多项目量表并评估了其结构有效性。旋转解决方案产生了四个因素,共有 47 个项目和一个简单的因素结构:M-GRCS 定义了两个因素( α = .93 表示受限情绪/情感;0.87 表示成功/权力/竞争); IBHS ( α = .89) 和 IRSS ( α = .74) 各自定义了一个因素。 IRSS 因子与 Lukwago 种族自豪感量表呈正相关, r (417) = 0.40。 IBHS 因子与 IRSS 因子呈负相关, r (414) = − .22。两个 M-GRCS 因素表明,超男性气质的构建会影响 BMSMW。 IBHS 的高可靠性表明该样本中恐同症和双性恋恐惧症呈正相关。这三个量表具有 BMSMW 未来研究的潜力。

更新日期:2021-06-17
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