An intercultural dialogue is the essential question in modernising societies. Non-Western thinkers (i.e., thinkers influenced by both traditional non-Western and modern Western cultures) are the active subjects of such intercommunications. Their existence on the joint of two civilisations forms their social, cultural and mental image. The intellectuals of this type are attached to both societies and at the same time, they are detached from each of them. Also, they play the role of mediators between two civilisations. These circumstances determine features of their participation in the intercultural dialogue: promote the understanding of two cultures by thinkers, obstruct the understanding of their ideas by compatriots and foreigners and help intellectuals to explain values and senses of one culture to representatives of another. These processes are illustrated in the article on M. K. Gandhi’s example. Consideration of the Indian thinker as a subject of intercultural communications reveals complexity of his views on the Western civilisation. The author comes to the conclusion that Gandhi was not a traditionalist and his rejection of modern Western civilisation means his call for shifting attention from the material sphere to the spiritual one.

跨文化对话是现代化社会的基本问题。非西方思想家（即受传统非西方文化和现代西方文化影响的思想家）是这种交流的活跃主体。它们存在于两种文明的交汇处，形成了它们的社会、文化和心理形象。这种类型的知识分子依附于两个社会，同时又与每个社会分离。此外，他们还扮演着两个文明之间的调解人的角色。这些情况决定了他们参与跨文化对话的特点：促进思想家对两种文化的理解，阻碍同胞和外国人对其思想的理解，帮助知识分子向另一种文化的代表解释一种文化的价值和意义。这些过程在有关 MK Gandhi 示例的文章中进行了说明。将这位印度思想家视为跨文化交流的主题，揭示了他对西方文明的看法的复杂性。作者得出的结论是，甘地不是传统主义者，他对现代西方文明的拒绝意味着他呼吁将注意力从物质领域转移到精神领域。