Background

There is no available data on the occurrence rate of a converged alveolar canal, the detailed three-dimensional (3D) courses of alveolar canals/grooves (ACGs), or the contribution of each superior alveolar nerve to each area in the maxilla. This study aimed to clarify the 3D courses of ACGs, the relationship between ACGs and superior alveolar nerves, and the contribution of posterior superior alveolar nerves (PSANs) using computed tomography (CT) with histological analysis.

Methods

During the gross anatomy course at Niigata University, we investigated nine human cadavers.

Results

All anterior and posterior ACGs converged into the common alveolar canal, which contained blood vessels and several nerve bundles surrounded by perineurium, located at the nasal floor near the pyriform aperture. Histometrical analysis clarified that 16.3% of the nerve bundles in this canal were derived from PSANs, and 67% of the bundles were dispersed while they coursed down to the nasal floor. There seems to be no relationship between the density of nerve bundles in the canal and the number of remaining anterior teeth.

Conclusions

Data obtained from observing the detailed 3D courses of anterior and posterior ACGs, and their relationship with superior alveolar nerves, suggest that PSANs partially contribute to the nociception of the anterior teeth.

中文翻译：

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后上牙槽神经有助于前牙的感觉

背景

没有关于会聚牙槽管的发生率、牙槽管/凹槽 (ACG) 的详细三维 (3D) 路线或每个上牙槽神经对上颌骨每个区域的贡献的可用数据。本研究旨在通过计算机断层扫描 (CT) 和组织学分析阐明 ACG 的 3D 过程、ACG 与上牙槽神经之间的关系以及后上牙槽神经 (PSAN) 的贡献。

方法

在新泻大学的大体解剖课程中，我们调查了九具人类尸体。

结果

所有前部和后部 ACG 汇聚到共同牙槽管中，其中包含血管和被神经束膜包围的几个神经束，位于靠近梨状孔的鼻底。组织计量学分析表明，该管中 16.3% 的神经束来自 PSAN，67% 的神经束在向下延伸到鼻底时分散。根管内神经束的密度与剩余前牙的数量似乎没有关系。

结论

通过观察前后 ACG 的详细 3D 过程及其与上牙槽神经的关系获得的数据表明，PSAN 部分有助于前牙的伤害感受。