Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons derivatives (dPAHs) were reported to be more mutagenic than parent analogues, however, studies that involving dPAHs in environmental samples are still limited. Thirty-six polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs; 17 parent PAHs, 1 alkyl-PAH, 6 oxygenated PAHs, 6 azaarenes, 3 sulfur-containing heterocyclic PAHs, and 3 oxygen-containing heterocyclic PAHs) were analyzed in n = 100 surface soil samples collected from a prefecture-level city (hereafter referred to as D city) in South China, in the year 2019. Total concentrations of 36 PACs ranged from 3.61 to 4930 ng g⁻¹ with a median concentration of 86.1 ng g⁻¹. Regardless of functional zones, parent PAHs were the most abundant with the proportion of 78.9%, followed by oxygenated PAHs accounting for 16.8%, whereas contents of heterocyclic PAHs were far below the formers. Besides, PAHs with 4–6 rings were the most prevalent components. Among the five functional zones, industrial zone was contaminated most severely with a mean sum PAC concentration of 485 ng g⁻¹, implying effects of long-term industrial emission. Total PAC concentrations in scenic and agricultural zones were significantly lower than those in industrial and residential zones. On the basis of PMF calculation, we proposed that traffic emission and biomass combustion could be responsible for PAC contamination. According to total lifetime cancer risk index, it suggested that there could be slightly health risks for children following exposure to PACs in some places.

据报道，多环芳烃衍生物 (dPAHs) 比母体类似物更具致突变性，但是，环境样品中涉及 dPAHs 的研究仍然有限。在收集的 n = 100 个表层土壤样品中分析了 36 种多环芳烃化合物（PAC；17 种母体多环芳烃、1 种烷基多环芳烃、6 种含氧多环芳烃、6 种氮杂芳烃、3 种含硫杂环多环芳烃和 3 种含氧杂环多环芳烃） 2019 年华南某地级市（以下简称 D 市）。 36 种 PAC 的总浓度范围为 3.61 至 4930 ng g ^-1，中值浓度为 86.1 ng g ^-1. 无论功能区如何，母体PAHs含量最多，占78.9%，其次是含氧PAHs，占16.8%，而杂环PAHs的含量远低于前者。此外，具有 4-6 个环的多环芳烃是最普遍的成分。在五个功能区中，工业区污染最严重，平均总PAC浓度为485 ng g ^-1，意味着长期工业排放的影响。风景区和农业区的总PAC浓度显着低于工业区和居民区。在 PMF 计算的基础上，我们提出交通排放和生物质燃烧可能是 PAC 污染的原因。根据终生癌症总风险指数显示，部分地区儿童接触PACs后可能存在轻微的健康风险。