This article examines the discourse of housing and urban planning between 1975 and 1990 in India. It approaches this subject within the context of international and national development agendas, which aimed to improve living conditions of the poor. Architects Balkrishna Doshi and Charles Correa, commissioned to design houses and towns during this period, are the focus of this study. Their studios produced a body of visual material: drawings, serigraphs, watercolours and photographs for publications, presentations and exhibitions, sharing utopian visions of modern living. They also published essays and interviews, which, along with the visual material, have been instrumental in the shaping of the modern housing discourse. This article undertakes an inter-textual analysis of this material and applies Doreen Massey’s approach to space ‘as a product of interrelations’ to examine the geopolitics of the houses and towns they designed during this period. While the architects’ ambitions were rooted egalitarian ideologies of clean and open spaces for all, this study highlights that in reality, they were constrained by development agendas and the market, and their designs reproduced social hierarchies. The outdoor space became a focus of debate during this time. It was controlled and regulated by the architects and the developmental agencies, alike.

中文翻译：

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现代性的愿景：1975-1990 年印度城市的建筑小插曲和现代生活

本文考察了 1975 年至 1990 年印度住房和城市规划的论述。它在旨在改善穷人生活条件的国际和国家发展议程的背景下处理这个问题。在此期间受委托设计房屋和城镇的建筑师 Balkrishna Doshi 和 Charles Correa 是本研究的重点。他们的工作室制作了一系列视觉材料：绘画、丝网版画、水彩画和照片，用于出版物、演示和展览，分享现代生活的乌托邦愿景。他们还发表了随笔和访谈，连同视觉材料，在塑造现代住房话语方面发挥了重要作用。本文对这些材料进行了互文分析，并应用多琳·梅西 (Doreen Massey) 将空间“作为相互关系的产物”的方法来研究他们在这一时期设计的房屋和城镇的地缘政治。虽然建筑师的野心植根于所有人的清洁和开放空间的平等主义意识形态，但这项研究强调，实际上，他们受到发展议程和市场的限制，他们的设计再现了社会等级制度。在此期间，户外空间成为争论的焦点。它由建筑师和开发机构等控制和监管。这项研究强调，在现实中，他们受到发展议程和市场的约束，他们的设计再现了社会等级。在此期间，户外空间成为争论的焦点。它由建筑师和开发机构等控制和监管。这项研究强调，在现实中，他们受到发展议程和市场的约束，他们的设计再现了社会等级。在此期间，户外空间成为争论的焦点。它由建筑师和开发机构等控制和监管。