To address biodiversity and agronomic value of grasslands, we attempted to determine the effect of management regimes on temporal plant species diversity of Arrhenatherion grassland vegetation over a 7-year period. In a split-plot experiment, three cutting regimes (traditional 2-cut system, modified and regular 4-cut systems) and five fertilisation regimes [i) zero; ii) phosphoruspotassium (PK); iii) cattle slurry; iv) nitrogen-PK (NPK) plus cattle slurry; v) NPK] were assigned to the main plots and the subplots, respectively. Significant temporal changes in plant species composition, abundance of functional groups, plant richness and Shannon index were found for most investigated regimes. The effects of fertilisation regimes on all investigated parameters were much stronger than cutting regimes. Generally, two distinct pathways of sward compositional development were found, depending on whether the mineral N was added or not. Differentiation in the plant species composition and abundance of functional groups started in the second year and continued with the progress of the experiment. A quite distinct pattern of change in the plant species composition was found for PK where initially higher abundance of legumes triggered the sward development similar to the slurryfertilisation regime. The fertilisation with high N rates caused temporal decrease in species richness and Shannon index. Other fertilisation treatments did not affect these two diversity parameters in a seven-year period. The cutting regimes did not temporally differentiate the sward regarding plant species composition and abundance of functional groups. They affected only plant species composition in the seventh year and indicated some effect on the temporal change of Shannon index.

中文翻译：

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施肥和扦插对中半天然草地植被时间分异的影响

为了解决草原的生物多样性和农艺价值，我们试图确定管理制度对 Arrenatherion 草原植被在 7 年内的时间植物物种多样性的影响。在裂区试验中，三种切割方式（传统的 2 割系统、改良和常规 4 割系统）和五种施肥方式 [i) 零；ii) 磷钾 (PK)；iii) 牛粪；iv) 氮-PK (NPK) 加牛粪；v) NPK] 分别分配给主地块和子地块。大多数研究的制度都发现了植物物种组成、功能组丰度、植物丰富度和香农指数的显着时间变化。施肥制度对所有研究参数的影响比切割制度强得多。一般来说，根据是否添加矿物质 N，发现了两种不同的草丛成分发展途径。植物物种组成和功能组丰度的分化始于第二年，并随着实验的进展而继续。在 PK 中发现了植物物种组成的一个非常明显的变化模式，其中最初较高的豆类丰度触发了类似于施肥制度的草丛发育。高施氮肥导致物种丰富度和香农指数随时间下降。其他施肥处理在七年期间没有影响这两个多样性参数。切割制度在植物物种组成和功能组丰度方面没有在时间上区分草皮。