Lower nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is a major yield limiting factor in semi-arid regions due to poor organic contents of the soils. There is a close relationship between soil organic matter and NUE of fertilizers. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the effect of sole N fertilizer and its combinations with organic amendments (farm manure combinations) on N use efficiency and crop productivity. For this purpose, a two-year field study was conducted to access the influence of integrated use of synthetic N fertilizer (urea) and farm manure on N use efficiency and wheat productivity. Treatments include i.e. Control, 100% N by Urea + 0%N by farm manure (FM), 75% N by Urea + 25 % N by FM, 50% N by Urea + 50% N by FM, 25% N by Urea + 75% N by FM, 0% N by Urea + 100% N by FM arranged in a triplicate randomized complete block design having recommended N rate of 150 kg ha–1. The results revealed that the treatment having 75% Urea and 25% FM followed by 50% Urea and 50% FM showed better results in term of wheat growth and yield. There was 98% increase in N uptake of wheat grains and 200% increase in NUE by the application of 75% urea+25% FM relative to sole application of urea. This study suggests use of 3:1 ratio of urea and FM for maximum NUE and sustainable wheat production.

中文翻译：

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农家肥与合成氮肥综合利用提高小麦氮素利用效率、产量和籽粒品质

由于土壤有机质含量低，较低的氮利用效率 (NUE) 是半干旱地区的主要产量限制因素。土壤有机质与肥料NUE之间存在密切关系。因此，本研究旨在评估单一氮肥及其与有机添加物（农家肥组合）的组合对氮利用效率和作物生产力的影响。为此，进行了为期两年的田间研究，以了解综合使用合成氮肥（尿素）和农家肥对氮利用效率和小麦生产力的影响。处理包括即对照，100% N 尿素 + 0% N 农肥 (FM)、75% N 尿素 + 25 % N FM、50% N 尿素 + 50% N FM、25% N 尿素+ 75% N 通过 FM，尿素的 0% N + FM 的 100% N 以一式三份的随机完整区组设计排列，推荐施氮量为 150 kg ha–1。结果表明，在小麦生长和产量方面，75% 尿素和 25% FM 随后是 50% 尿素和 50% FM 的处理显示出更好的结果。与单独施用尿素相比，施用 75% 尿素 + 25% FM 的小麦籽粒 N 吸收增加了 98%，NUE 增加了 200%。该研究建议使用 3:1 比例的尿素和 FM 以获得最大的 NUE 和可持续的小麦生产。与单独施用尿素相比，施用 75% 尿素 + 25% FM 的小麦籽粒 N 吸收增加了 98%，NUE 增加了 200%。该研究建议使用 3:1 比例的尿素和 FM 以获得最大的 NUE 和可持续的小麦生产。与单独施用尿素相比，施用 75% 尿素 + 25% FM 的小麦籽粒 N 吸收增加了 98%，NUE 增加了 200%。该研究建议使用 3:1 比例的尿素和 FM 以获得最大的 NUE 和可持续的小麦生产。