Our objective in this study was to determine to what degree macro and micro nutrients in water extracts, ethanol extracts and whole plant applications of Chinese chive (CC), soybean leaf (SL) and soybean stem (SS) promoted crop growth and if growth promotion was related to physiological elements such as photosynthetic efficiency. The studies we conducted in Suncheon, South Korea in 2017 also sought to confirm crop responses to abiotic and biotic stresses after treatment with CC, SL and SS extracts. We found that most nutrient levels in CC, SL and SS water extracts were higher than in ethanol extracts. Thus, growth promotion effectiveness may be related to plant extraction method, but not to the plants themselves or to physiological elements. Boiled water extracts of SL at 5% suppressed some fungi by 92% (Bortytis cinereal) and 57% (Colletotrichum coccodes), however several others were not effectively suppressed. Compared to the control, rice plant injuries induced by 50 mM NaCl were reduced by 20-39%, 41-46%, and 40-46% in response to CC, SL and SS extract treatments at 0.5, 1, and 3%, respectively. Shoot fresh weight of rice subjected to 50 mM also increased by 38%, 15-52%, and 40-59% in response to treatments of CC, SL or SS extracts at 0.5, 1, and 3%, respectively. Rice injuries under drought conditions were reduced 20-26% in response to treatment with CC, SL and SS extracts at 1, 3, and 5% when compared with control plants. Furthermore, the shoot fresh weight of rice under drought conditions was 3.6, 2.0, and 3.2 times greater when treated with CC, SL and SS extracts at 5%, respectively. Thus, the CC, SL and SS extracts used in this study mitigate salt and drought stresses and fungicidal effects, as well as promoting crop growth and could therefore contribute substantially to sustainable crop production.

中文翻译：

---

不同植物提取物促进作物生长及应对各种环境胁迫的机制

我们在本研究中的目的是确定韭菜 (CC)、大豆叶 (SL) 和大豆茎 (SS) 的水提取物、乙醇提取物和整株应用中的宏观和微量营养素在多大程度上促进作物生长，以及是否促进生长与光合效率等生理因素有关。我们于 2017 年在韩国顺天进行的研究还试图确认作物在用 CC、SL 和 SS 提取物处理后对非生物和生物胁迫的反应。我们发现 CC、SL 和 SS 水提取物中的大多数营养水平高于乙醇提取物。因此，促生长效果可能与植物提取方法有关，而与植物本身或生理要素无关。5% SL 的沸水提取物可将某些真菌抑制 92%（灰葡萄孢）和 57%（Colletotrichum coccodes），但其他几种真菌未得到有效抑制。与对照相比，在 0.5、1 和 3% 的 CC、SL 和 SS 提取物处理下，50 mM NaCl 诱导的水稻植株损伤减少了 20-39%、41-46% 和 40-46%，分别。响应于分别以 0.5%、1% 和 3% 的 CC、SL 或 SS 提取物处理的水稻，50 mM 的芽鲜重也增加了 38%、15-52% 和 40-59%。与对照植物相比，在用 1%、3% 和 5% 的 CC、SL 和 SS 提取物处理后，干旱条件下的水稻损伤减少了 20-26%。此外，当用 5% 的 CC、SL 和 SS 提取物处理时，干旱条件下水稻的芽鲜重分别是 3.6、2.0 和 3.2 倍，分别。因此，本研究中使用的 CC、SL 和 SS 提取物可减轻盐分和干旱胁迫以及杀菌作用，并促进作物生长，因此可以对可持续作物生产做出重大贡献。