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Application of the environmental impact assessment to medicinal plants cultivation and drying in a hilly area of Campania Region (Southern Italy)
Italian Journal of Agronomy ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-10 , DOI: 10.4081/ija.2020.1505
Enrica De Falco , Maria Pergola , Annapia Vece , Costantina Angiuoni , Giuseppe Celano

Currently, in Italy the cultivation of tobacco has strongly decreased and there is the need to organize substitute production chains that take into account current market demands. Medicinal plants can represent a possible alternative and an opportunity for the Italian agricultural sector. The aim of the present study was to assess the quality and the environmental sustainability of medicinal plants cultivation and processing using different drying techniques in a hilly area of the Campania region. The research was designed to investigate two drying systems (the recovery of a wooden structure for drying tobacco in the open air and a specific electric prototype for drying medicinal plants) and five cultivated medicinal species (marsh-mallow, absinthe, Californian poppy, lemon balm, thyme). To assess and compare quality efficiency and environmental performance, the life cycle assessment methodology was applied according to the ISO 14040-44. The functional unit was the production of one kilo of dried medicinal plants and, to meet the objectives of the research, the system boundaries included the cultivation of the plants, their transport to the drying structure and the herbs drying. Priority was given to primary data in terms of input material typologies and amounts used to estimate direct and indirect emissions. Results showed a good adaptability of the species to the pedo-climatic environment with high biomass yields. Both drying structures allowed to reach a final product with high quality and low moisture. The cultivation and the drying of one kg of medicinal plants caused mainly marine and fresh water ecotoxicity, abiotic depletion, eutrophication, air acidification and global warming. The lowest impacts occurred when drying took place in the open air under the wooden structure. The combination of the two systems organized with a first phase of drying in the open air at the individual farms by recovering the tobacco structures, and the next artificial stabilization of the product at a cooperative center, would reduce the overall environmental impact and ensure the quality of the product regardless of the harvesting period. These results could be easily used to support the quality supply chain of medicinal plants with low environmental impacts. Moreover, they highlighted an encouraging approach to evaluate a resilient reorganization when different agricultural productions go into crisis.

中文翻译:

环境影响评价在坎帕尼亚地区丘陵地区药用植物栽培和干燥中的应用(意大利南部)

目前,在意大利,烟草种植大幅减少,需要考虑当前市场需求来组织替代生产链。药用植物可以代表意大利农业部门的一种可能的选择和机会。本研究的目的是评估在坎帕尼亚地区丘陵地区使用不同干燥技术种植和加工药用植物的质量和环境可持续性。该研究旨在调查两种干燥系统(用于在露天干燥烟草的木结构的回收和用于干燥药用植物的特定电动原型)和五种栽培药用物种(锦葵、苦艾酒、加州罂粟、柠檬香脂) , 百里香)。为了评估和比较质量效率和环境绩效,根据 ISO 14040-44 应用了生命周期评估方法。功能单元是生产一公斤干燥药用植物,为了满足研究目标,系统边界包括植物栽培、将它们运输到干燥结构和草药干燥。优先考虑用于估算直接和间接排放的输入材料类型和数量方面的原始数据。结果表明该物种对土壤气候环境具有良好的适应性,具有高生物量产量。两种干燥结构都可以达到高质量和低水分的最终产品。一公斤药用植物的栽培和干燥主要造成海洋和淡水生态毒性,非生物耗竭、富营养化、空气酸化和全球变暖。在木结构下的露天干燥时发生的影响最小。将两个系统结合起来,在各个农场的第一阶段通过回收烟草结构进行露天干燥,然后在合作中心对产品进行人工稳定,将减少整体环境影响并确保质量无论收获期如何。这些结果可以很容易地用于支持对环境影响低的药用植物的质量供应链。此外,他们强调了一种令人鼓舞的方法,可以在不同的农业生产陷入危机时评估弹性重组。在木结构下的露天干燥时发生的影响最小。将两个系统结合起来,在各个农场的第一阶段通过回收烟草结构进行露天干燥,然后在合作中心对产品进行人工稳定,将减少整体环境影响并确保质量无论收获期如何。这些结果可以很容易地用于支持对环境影响低的药用植物的质量供应链。此外,他们强调了一种令人鼓舞的方法,可以在不同的农业生产陷入危机时评估弹性重组。在木结构下的露天干燥时发生的影响最小。将两个系统结合起来,在各个农场的第一阶段通过回收烟草结构进行露天干燥,然后在合作中心对产品进行人工稳定,将减少整体环境影响并确保质量无论收获期如何。这些结果可以很容易地用于支持对环境影响低的药用植物的质量供应链。此外,他们强调了一种令人鼓舞的方法,可以在不同的农业生产陷入危机时评估弹性重组。将两个系统结合起来,在各个农场的第一阶段通过回收烟草结构进行露天干燥,然后在合作中心对产品进行人工稳定,将减少整体环境影响并确保质量无论收获期如何。这些结果可以很容易地用于支持对环境影响低的药用植物的质量供应链。此外,他们强调了一种令人鼓舞的方法,可以在不同的农业生产陷入危机时评估弹性重组。将两个系统结合起来,在各个农场的第一阶段通过回收烟草结构进行露天干燥,然后在合作中心对产品进行人工稳定,将减少整体环境影响并确保质量无论收获期如何。这些结果可以很容易地用于支持对环境影响低的药用植物的质量供应链。此外,他们强调了一种令人鼓舞的方法,可以在不同的农业生产陷入危机时评估弹性重组。无论收获期如何,都将减少整体环境影响并确保产品质量。这些结果可以很容易地用于支持对环境影响低的药用植物的质量供应链。此外,他们强调了一种令人鼓舞的方法,可以在不同的农业生产陷入危机时评估弹性重组。无论收获期如何,都将减少整体环境影响并确保产品质量。这些结果可以很容易地用于支持对环境影响低的药用植物的质量供应链。此外,他们强调了一种令人鼓舞的方法,可以在不同的农业生产陷入危机时评估弹性重组。
更新日期:2020-03-10
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