This research is a legal analysis concerning four scenarios for cross-border carbon dioxide (CO2) transport that could increase the deployment of carbon-capture and storage (CCS) deployment in Europe. The legal analysis categorizes the law into three levels-international, national and local-and considers the four scenarios in light of these three levels of energy law. Upon reviewing the four scenarios, it is clear that the Rotterdam Nucleus (referred to as the 'Pilot Case') is the leading scenario and as a result it is explored in more detail. The potential Pilot Case is based on the development of Rotterdam (in the Netherlands) as a southern North Sea hub. Under this Rotterdam Nucleus scenario, captured CO2 will be transported through the Port of Rotterdam to depleted gas fields offshore the Netherlands. CO2 will also be transported through further links using CCS infrastructure to facilitate the processing of undeveloped gas fields offshore UK. The Pilot case contemplates further expansion opportunities, increasing the capture clusters through additional pipelines, expanding to further gas fields and using the port of Rotterdam for CO2 shipping-hence the analysis of the other scenarios may be invaluable in the future development of CO2 networks in the EU. Finally, and an original contribution of this article is that it employs the three lawyers of energy law theoretical framework to an energy problem that was examined by an interdisciplinary research team. Furthermore, this research was developed further through two key industry stakeholder meetings with CCS experts in the EU. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the AIPN. All rights reserved.

中文翻译：

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用于检查用于碳捕获和储存的 CO2 运输的三层能源法

这项研究是关于跨境二氧化碳 (CO2) 运输的四种情景的法律分析，这些情景可能会增加欧洲碳捕集和封存 (CCS) 部署的部署。法律分析将法律分为国际、国家和地方三个层次，并根据这三个层次的能源法考虑四种情况。审查这四种情景后，很明显鹿特丹核心（称为“试点案例”）是主要情景，因此对其进行了更详细的探讨。潜在的试点案例是基于鹿特丹（在荷兰）作为北海南部枢纽的发展。在鹿特丹核心情景下，捕获的二氧化碳将通过鹿特丹港运输到荷兰近海的枯竭气田。二氧化碳还将通过使用 CCS 基础设施的进一步链接运输，以促进英国近海未开发气田的处理。试点案例考虑了进一步的扩展机会，通过额外的管道增加捕获集群，扩展到更远的气田并使用鹿特丹港进行二氧化碳运输——因此，对其他情景的分析对于未来二氧化碳网络的发展可能是无价的欧洲联盟。最后，本文的原创贡献是它采用了能源法理论框架的三位律师来解决一个由跨学科研究团队审查的能源问题。此外，通过与欧盟 CCS 专家的两次关键行业利益相关者会议，这项研究得到了进一步发展。© 作者 2018。由牛津大学出版社代表 AIPN 出版。版权所有。