ABSTRACT This article discusses plastic and other solid household waste in both rural and urban Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (Special Region of Yogyakarta) and integrates several practical and theoretical perspectives in its analysis. An exploration of the everyday littering practices of the Javanese people is combined with analysis of their particular ways of relating to the environment. This study reveals that an abstract notion of nature is not seen as crucial by most actors. Rather, what counts for individuals is their immediate social environment. Government officials are increasing efforts to raise awareness of the issues at hand, and to encourage citizens to sort household waste and to recycle. However, bottom-up initiatives such as community-based ‘waste banks’, communal clean-ups and ‘recycle fashion’ street carnivals that address various social, economic, and emotional aspects of waste have proven much more efficient. Thus, a tentative path to transform the waste problem that, in the authors’ perspective, challenges the notions of growth, modernisation, and human-nonhuman relations is seen in Java in the mobilisation of the local, social and moral world. However, it is not certain that this will generate a less consumptive lifestyle leading to the much needed reduction of waste.

中文翻译：

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废物人类学

摘要本文讨论了日惹Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta（日惹特区）农村和城市的塑料和其他固体生活垃圾，并在其分析中整合了几个实践和理论观点。对爪哇人日常乱扔垃圾做法的探索与对他们与环境相关的特殊方式的分析相结合。这项研究表明，大多数行为者并不认为抽象的自然概念至关重要。相反，对个人而言重要的是他们的直接社会环境。政府官员正在加大力度提高对当前问题的认识，并鼓励公民对生活垃圾进行分类和回收。然而，自下而上的举措，例如基于社区的“废物银行”，解决垃圾的各种社会、经济和情感方面的公共清理和“回收时尚”街头嘉年华已被证明更有效。因此，在作者看来，改变废物问题的一条试探性路径挑战了增长、现代化和人与非人类关系的概念，这在爪哇的地方、社会和道德世界的动员中可见一斑。然而，不确定这是否会产生一种减少消耗的生活方式，从而导致急需的减少浪费。