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Understanding Sunni-Shi’a sectarianism in contemporary Indonesia
Indonesia and the Malay World Pub Date : 2020-01-02 , DOI: 10.1080/13639811.2020.1675277
Yuka Kayane

ABSTRACT The Sunni-Shi’a sectarian conflicts in Muslim countries have intensified during the last two decades; Indonesia, the largest Muslim-majority country in the world, is no exception to this trend. While sectarian discourses influenced by geopolitical dynamics are catalysed by many scripturalist groups in local sectarian conflicts, the traditional Islam represented by Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) is left out from the scholarly analysis on sectarianism as it has been largely considered representative of tolerant Islam. However, a series of sectarian incidents have been provoked by NU clerics in East Java. This urges us to re-examine the more complex nature of NU’s diversity. Why have intolerant kiai emerged from NU, what motivates them to engage in sectarianism, and who are they? I argue here that sectarian anti-Shi’a sentiments emerged as an attempt to delegitimise NU pluralist leaders and enhance the influence both within and outside the organization. Specifically, I explore the rise of anti-Shi’a NU figures who have developed a particularly strong bond through their commonality as followers of Sayyid Muhammad Alawi al-Maliki (1944–2004), a cleric from Mecca, Saudi Arabia. He was an exceptionally well respected ulama among NU members. Although he proclaimed the importance of tolerance, and refrained from denouncing any one as a non-believer (kafir) including the Shi’a, some of his disciples are increasingly engaging in sectarianism in order to seek influence in Indonesia’s electoral democracy.

中文翻译:

了解当代印度尼西亚的逊尼派-什叶派教派

摘要 在过去的二十年里,穆斯林国家的逊尼派与什叶派的教派冲突愈演愈烈。印度尼西亚是世界上最大的穆斯林占多数的国家,也不例外。虽然受地缘政治动态影响的宗派话语在地方宗派冲突中受到许多圣经团体的催化,但以 Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) 为代表的传统伊斯兰教被排除在宗派主义的学术分析之外,因为它在很大程度上被认为是宽容伊斯兰教的代表。然而,东爪哇的NU神职人员挑起了一系列宗派事件。这促使我们重新审视 NU 多样性更复杂的本质。为什么不宽容的 kiai 从 NU 出现,是什么促使他们从事宗派主义,他们是谁?我在这里认为,宗派反什叶派情绪的出现是为了使 NU 多元主义领导人合法化并增强组织内外的影响力。具体而言,我探讨了反什叶派 NU 人物的崛起,他们通过作为来自沙特阿拉伯麦加的神职人员赛义德·穆罕默德·阿拉维·马利基 (Sayyid Muhammad Alawi al-Maliki,1944–2004) 的追随者的共同性而建立了特别牢固的联系。他是NU成员中非常受尊敬的乌拉玛。尽管他宣扬宽容的重要性,并没有谴责任何人是包括什叶派在内的非信徒(kafir),但他的一些弟子越来越多地卷入宗派主义,以在印度尼西亚的选举民主中寻求影响力。具体而言,我探讨了反什叶派 NU 人物的崛起,他们通过作为来自沙特阿拉伯麦加的神职人员赛义德·穆罕默德·阿拉维·马利基 (Sayyid Muhammad Alawi al-Maliki,1944–2004) 的追随者的共同性而建立了特别牢固的联系。他是NU成员中非常受尊敬的乌拉玛。尽管他宣扬宽容的重要性,并没有谴责任何人是包括什叶派在内的非信徒(kafir),但他的一些弟子越来越多地卷入宗派主义,以在印度尼西亚的选举民主中寻求影响力。具体而言,我探讨了反什叶派 NU 人物的崛起,他们通过作为来自沙特阿拉伯麦加的神职人员赛义德·穆罕默德·阿拉维·马利基 (Sayyid Muhammad Alawi al-Maliki,1944–2004) 的追随者的共同点而建立了特别牢固的联系。他是NU成员中非常受尊敬的乌拉玛。虽然他宣扬宽容的重要性,并没有谴责任何人是包括什叶派在内的非信徒(kafir),但他的一些弟子越来越多地卷入宗派主义,以在印度尼西亚的选举民主中寻求影响力。
更新日期:2020-01-02
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