ABSTRACT Erik Erikson introduced identity as a universal developmental task that provides the foundation for an individual’s general sense of well-being. Erikson’s (1968) theorizing about the self, however, was simultaneously about society—a psychosocial process. The contemporary identity literature privileges the “psycho” over the “social,” which limits our understanding of the role of identity processes in society more broadly. This article returns to Erikson’s concept of psychosocial relativity, which he used to define identity, in order to describe a transactional approach to examining identity processes, an approach wherein self and society are actively and jointly (re)constructed. The paper also provides examples of three approaches to transactional identity research from the existing literature and concludes with recommendations for how to further such scholarship. The thesis is that adopting a transactional approach extends the relevance of identity research and positions identity as a tangible lever that can shift who we are becoming in the direction of a more equitable and humane society.

中文翻译：

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我是谁，我们是谁？埃里克森和身份研究的交易方法

摘要 埃里克·埃里克森 (Erik Erikson) 将身份作为一项普遍的发展任务，为个人的总体幸福感奠定了基础。然而，埃里克森 (Erikson) (1968) 关于自我的理论同时也是关于社会——一个心理社会过程。当代身份文学将“心理”置于“社会”之上，这限制了我们更广泛地理解身份过程在社会中的作用。本文回归到埃里克森用来定义身份的社会心理相对性概念，以描述一种检查身份过程的交易方法，这种方法中自我和社会被积极和共同（重新）构建。本文还提供了现有文献中交易身份研究的三种方法的示例，并提出了如何进一步推进此类研究的建议。论文是采用交易方法扩展了身份研究的相关性，并将身份定位为一个有形的杠杆，可以将我们正在成为一个更公平和更人道的社会的方向转变。