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A Deep Dive into the Complex Chemical Mixture and Toxicity of Tire Wear Particle Leachate in Fathead Minnow
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-14 , DOI: 10.1002/etc.5140 Leah Chibwe 1 , Joanne L Parrott 2 , Kallie Shires 2 , Hufsa Khan 2 , Stacey Clarence 2 , Christine Lavalle 2 , Cheryl Sullivan 2 , Anna M O'Brien 1 , Amila O De Silva 2 , Derek C G Muir 2 , Chelsea M Rochman 1
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-14 , DOI: 10.1002/etc.5140 Leah Chibwe 1 , Joanne L Parrott 2 , Kallie Shires 2 , Hufsa Khan 2 , Stacey Clarence 2 , Christine Lavalle 2 , Cheryl Sullivan 2 , Anna M O'Brien 1 , Amila O De Silva 2 , Derek C G Muir 2 , Chelsea M Rochman 1
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The ecological impact of tire wear particles in aquatic ecosystems is a growing environmental concern. We combined toxicity testing, using fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) embryos, with nontarget high-resolution liquid chromatography Orbitrap mass spectrometry to characterize the toxicity and chemical mixture of organic chemicals associated with tire particle leachates. We assessed: 1) exposure to tire particle leachates after leaching for 1-, 3-, and 10-d; and 2) the effect of the presence and absence of small tire particulates in the leachates. We observed a decrease in embryonic heart rates, hatching success, and lengths, as well as an increase in the number of embryos with severe deformities and diminished eye and body pigmentation, after exposure to the leachates. Overall, there was a pattern whereby we observed more toxicity in the 10-d leachates, and greater toxicity in unfiltered leachates. Redundancy analysis showed that several benzothiazoles and aryl-amines were correlated with the toxic effects observed in the embryos. These included benzothiazole, 2-aminobenzothiazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, N,N′-diphenylguanidine, and N,N′-diphenylurea. However, many other chemicals characterized as unknowns are likely to also play a key role in the adverse effects observed. Our study provides insight into the types of chemicals likely to be important toxicological drivers in tire leachates, and improves our understanding of the ecotoxicological impacts of tire wear particles. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1144–1153. © 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
中文翻译：
深入研究黑头鲦鱼轮胎磨损颗粒渗滤液的复杂化学混合物和毒性
轮胎磨损颗粒对水生生态系统的生态影响日益受到环境关注。我们使用黑头呆鱼(Pimephales promelas ) 胚胎进行毒性测试，与非目标高分辨率液相色谱 Orbitrap 质谱分析相结合，以表征与轮胎颗粒渗滤液相关的有机化学品的毒性和化学混合物。我们评估了： 1) 浸出 1、3 和 10 天后轮胎颗粒浸出液的暴露情况； 2) 渗滤液中是否存在轮胎小颗粒的影响。我们观察到，暴露于渗滤液后，胚胎心率、孵化成功率和长度均下降，并且严重畸形、眼睛和身体色素沉着减少的胚胎数量增加。总体而言，我们观察到 10 天渗滤液的毒性更大，而未过滤的渗滤液的毒性更大。冗余分析表明，几种苯并噻唑和芳基胺与胚胎中观察到的毒性作用相关。这些包括苯并噻唑、2-氨基苯并噻唑、2-巯基苯并噻唑、N,N'-二苯胍和N,N'-二苯脲。然而，许多其他未知化学物质也可能在观察到的不利影响中发挥关键作用。我们的研究深入了解了轮胎渗滤液中可能成为重要毒理学驱动因素的化学物质类型，并提高了我们对轮胎磨损颗粒的生态毒理学影响的理解。环境毒理学2022；41：1144–1153。 © 2021 作者。 《环境毒理学和化学》由 Wiley periodicals LLC 代表 SETAC 出版。
更新日期：2021-06-14
中文翻译：
深入研究黑头鲦鱼轮胎磨损颗粒渗滤液的复杂化学混合物和毒性
轮胎磨损颗粒对水生生态系统的生态影响日益受到环境关注。我们使用黑头呆鱼(Pimephales promelas ) 胚胎进行毒性测试，与非目标高分辨率液相色谱 Orbitrap 质谱分析相结合，以表征与轮胎颗粒渗滤液相关的有机化学品的毒性和化学混合物。我们评估了： 1) 浸出 1、3 和 10 天后轮胎颗粒浸出液的暴露情况； 2) 渗滤液中是否存在轮胎小颗粒的影响。我们观察到，暴露于渗滤液后，胚胎心率、孵化成功率和长度均下降，并且严重畸形、眼睛和身体色素沉着减少的胚胎数量增加。总体而言，我们观察到 10 天渗滤液的毒性更大，而未过滤的渗滤液的毒性更大。冗余分析表明，几种苯并噻唑和芳基胺与胚胎中观察到的毒性作用相关。这些包括苯并噻唑、2-氨基苯并噻唑、2-巯基苯并噻唑、N,N'-二苯胍和N,N'-二苯脲。然而，许多其他未知化学物质也可能在观察到的不利影响中发挥关键作用。我们的研究深入了解了轮胎渗滤液中可能成为重要毒理学驱动因素的化学物质类型，并提高了我们对轮胎磨损颗粒的生态毒理学影响的理解。环境毒理学2022；41：1144–1153。 © 2021 作者。 《环境毒理学和化学》由 Wiley periodicals LLC 代表 SETAC 出版。
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