This article aims at identifying the worst-case waveform of a radiated high-power electromagnetic (HPEM) for maximizing threats to the victim electric system. In contrast to the previous analysis where constraint on energy-density of the HPEM field is imposed, the proposed analysis considers an upper bound constraint for the amplitude of the electrical waveform, which appears to be a more concerned restriction for practical radiation system. In this connection, evolutionary algorithms, i.e., genetic algorithm, stud-genetic algorithm (StudGA), and particle swarm optimization, are resorted to for solving the problem. In particular, it is found that StudGA outperforms the other two approaches for solving the proposed problem. The results demonstrate an optimized wideband HPEM is only marginally more threatening to the victim system than an attentively tuned continuous-wave/narrowband interference, and it is a fairly good compromise to apply these fields for the worst-case immunity assessment, especially when the difficulty in generating wideband HPEM of complex waveform details is considered.

中文翻译：

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在有界带宽和幅度约束下最大化对传输线系统的辐射大功率电磁威胁

本文旨在识别辐射高功率电磁 (HPEM) 的最坏情况波形，以最大限度地提高对受害电力系统的威胁。与先前对 HPEM 场的能量密度施加约束的分析相比，所提出的分析考虑了电波形幅度的上限约束，这似乎是实际辐射系统更受关注的限制。在这方面，采用进化算法，即遗传算法、螺柱遗传算法(StudGA)和粒子群优化来解决该问题。特别是，发现 StudGA 在解决所提出的问题方面优于其他两种方法。