The Phosphorus (III) derivatives, named Phosphonates, include congeners with properties as fungicides that are effective in controlling Oomycetes. Examples are organic compounds like Fosetyl-Al [Aluminium tris-(ethylphosphonate)] and salts formed with the anion of phosphonic acid [(OH)₂HPO] and Potassium, Sodium and Ammonium cations. According to IUPAC, the correct nomenclature for these compounds is “phosphonates”, but in common language and scientific literature they are often named “phosphites”, creating ambiguity. The European legislation restricts the use of phosphonates, with the ban for application in organic agriculture. However, phosphonate residues were detected in some organic products due to their addition to fertilizers allowed in organic agriculture. The legitimacy of this addition is controversial, as it is not evident if phosphonates have also a nutritional role in addition to their fungicidal properties. The new European Directive EU 1009/2019 resolves the problem by banning the phosphonates addition to fertilizers and placing a limit of 0.5% by mass for unintentional addition. However, an official method is not available for phosphonates determination in fertilizers and approval by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) is necessary in a short time. This review presents an overview about the chemical, biological, analytical and legislative aspects of phosphonates and aims at providing: clarity on the correct nomenclature to avoid misunderstandings; the evaluation of phosphonates properties with the absence of a nutritional role, justifying the ban on adding to fertilizers; a summary of analytical techniques that could be considered by CEN to complete the analytical background for the agricultural use of phosphonates.

磷 (III) 衍生物，称为膦酸盐，包括具有杀菌剂特性的同源物，可有效控制卵菌。例子是有机化合物，如 Fosetyl-Al [三（乙基膦酸铝）] 和与膦酸阴离子形成的盐 [(OH) ₂HPO]和钾、钠和铵阳离子。根据 IUPAC，这些化合物的正确命名是“膦酸盐”，但在普通语言和科学文献中，它们通常被命名为“亚磷酸盐”，从而造成歧义。欧洲立法限制膦酸盐的使用，并禁止在有机农业中使用。然而，由于有机农业允许将其添加到肥料中，因此在一些有机产品中检测到膦酸盐残留。这种添加的合法性是有争议的，因为除了它们的杀真菌特性之外，膦酸盐是否还具有营养作用尚不清楚。新的欧洲指令 EU 1009/2019 通过禁止在肥料中添加膦酸盐并将无意添加的质量限制为 0.5% 来解决这个问题。然而，肥料中膦酸盐的测定没有官方方法，需要在短时间内获得欧洲标准化委员会 (CEN) 的批准。本综述概述了膦酸盐的化学、生物学、分析和立法方面，旨在提供： 明确正确的命名以避免误解；在缺乏营养作用的情况下评估膦酸盐的特性，证明禁止添加到肥料中是合理的；CEN 可以考虑的分析技术总结，以完成膦酸盐农业用途的分析背景。膦酸盐的生物学、分析和立法方面，旨在提供： 明确正确的命名以避免误解；在缺乏营养作用的情况下评估膦酸盐的特性，证明禁止添加到肥料中是合理的；CEN 可以考虑的分析技术总结，以完成膦酸盐农业用途的分析背景。膦酸盐的生物学、分析和立法方面，旨在提供： 明确正确的命名以避免误解；在缺乏营养作用的情况下评估膦酸盐的特性，证明禁止添加到肥料中是合理的；CEN 可以考虑的分析技术总结，以完成膦酸盐农业用途的分析背景。