Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to impairments in emotion recognition that can present considerable challenges to social communication and the maintenance of interpersonal relationships. This review aimed to estimate the magnitude of emotion recognition impairments in TBI patients overall, and at the emotion category level, and to determine if the magnitude of observed impairments were moderated by modality (e.g., face, voice, multi-modal) of emotional expression, and severity of injury. Searches of PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Medline databases identified 17 studies which satisfied strict inclusion and exclusion criteria for the systematic review (comparing TBI patients to matched controls). Of these studies, 15 were included in the meta-analysis (N_TBI = 474; N_Control = 461). Moderate/large average deficits emerged for TBI patients relative to controls (Hedges’ g = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.61 – 0.96, p < .001; Q = 22.53, p = .068, τ² = 0.04, I² = 37.84; indicating low heterogeneity). TBI patients were impaired across all emotion categories, with moderate/large effect sizes observed for fear and anger, moderate effect sizes for disgust, neutral and sadness, while effect sizes for happiness and surprise were small. The magnitude of impairment for individuals with TBI severity classified as moderate/severe TBI was moderate, whereas severe TBI was large. Moderate/large effect sizes were observed across the different modalities of presentation. This meta-analysis provides evidence for marked global impairments in emotion recognition, with the magnitude of impairment greatest for negative emotions (i.e., anger and fear). This meta-analysis provided no evidence to suggest that the magnitude of impairment is influenced by injury severity or modality of stimulus presentation. Recommendations for future research are discussed.

创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 可导致情绪识别障碍，这可能对社会交流和维持人际关系提出相当大的挑战。本综述旨在评估 TBI 患者整体情绪识别障碍的程度，以及情绪类别水平，并确定观察到的损伤程度是否受到情绪表达的模态（例如，面部、声音、多模态）的缓和，以及受伤的严重程度。对 PubMed、Scopus、PsycINFO 和 Medline 数据库的搜索确定了 17 项满足系统评价严格纳入和排除标准的研究（将 TBI 患者与匹配的对照进行比较）。在这些研究中，15 项被纳入荟萃分析（N _TBI  = 474；N _Control = 461)。相对于对照组，TBI 患者出现中度/大的平均缺陷（Hedges' g  = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.61 – 0.96, p  < .001; Q  = 22.53, p  = .068, τ ²  = 0.04, I ² = 37.84; 表明异质性低）。TBI 患者在所有情绪类别中均受损，对恐惧和愤怒观察到中/大效应量，对厌恶、中性和悲伤观察到中等效应量，而对快乐和惊讶的效应量很小。TBI 严重程度分类为中/重度 TBI 的个体的损伤程度为中度，而重度 TBI 较大。在不同的呈现方式中观察到中等/大效应量。该荟萃分析提供了情绪识别中显着的整体损伤的证据，其中负面情绪（即愤怒和恐惧）的损伤程度最大。该荟萃分析没有提供任何证据表明损伤的程度受损伤严重程度或刺激呈现方式的影响。