Seepage of water through an underground coal-mine barrier is a common indicator of a potential hydrogeological hazard. The Jharia coalfield has witnessed several deadly inundation events in different underground mines. The present study deals with the mapping of water seepage through an underground coal-mine barrier of the Jogidih Colliery, Jharia coalfield using self-potential (SP) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). Initially, numerical analysis of the SP data was carried out using particle swarm optimization (PSO) and simulated annealing (SA) inversion, which indicated the suitability of both PSO and SA, though the PSO algorithm performed better. ERT analysis of a synthetic model similar to the present underground coal-mine environment was also carried out using Wenner, Schlumberger, and dipole–dipole array configurations, which indicated that the dipole–dipole configuration was the most effective. Subsequently, the SP data collected from the underground coal-mine barrier were analyzed using PSO and SA; both designated the presence of seepage within the barrier and provided information concerning its geometry and location. It is argued that these SP anomalies are a direct result of transmutations in the streaming potential produced by preferential drainage through the barrier. Following the SP results, ERT was used for detailed high-resolution imaging of the barrier seepage/leakage drainage. Furthermore, the results obtained from ERT and SP were compared to understand their efficacy in resolving seepage detection complications and result validation. The combined study suggests a cylindrical geometry of seepage from an adjacent sump pit through the coal-mine barrier. Physicochemical analysis of the groundwater in the mining area indicates high sulfate levels.

通过地下煤矿屏障渗水是潜在水文地质灾害的常见指标。Jharia 煤田在不同的地下矿井中目睹了几次致命的淹没事件。本研究使用自电势 (SP) 和电阻率层析成像 (ERT) 来绘制通过 Jharia 煤田 Jogidih 煤矿地下煤矿屏障的渗水图。最初，使用粒子群优化 (PSO) 和模拟退火 (SA) 反演对 SP 数据进行数值分析，这表明 PSO 和 SA 都适用，但 PSO 算法性能更好。还使用 Wenner、Schlumberger 和偶极-偶极阵列配置对类似于当前地下煤矿环境的合成模型进行了 ERT 分析，这表明偶极-偶极配置是最有效的。随后，使用PSO和SA对从煤矿井下屏障收集的SP数据进行了分析；两者都指出了屏障内存在渗漏，并提供了有关其几何形状和位置的信息。有人认为，这些 SP 异常是优先排水通过屏障产生的流势发生嬗变的直接结果。根据 SP 结果，ERT 用于屏障渗漏/渗漏排水的详细高分辨率成像。此外，比较了从 ERT 和 SP 获得的结果，以了解它们在解决渗漏检测并发症和结果验证方面的功效。联合研究表明，从相邻集水坑通过煤矿屏障渗出的圆柱形几何形状。