Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of syringic acid (SA), a plant secondary metabolite (PSM), on the properties of soil contaminated with 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) and the condition of two cucurbit species zucchini (C. pepo L. ‘Atena Polka’) and cucumber (C. sativus ‘Cezar’) grown on that soil. It was found that amendment with MCPA and MCPA + SA modified the soil physico-chemical properties. Content of N and K was significantly higher for variants amended with SA and/or MCPA, while P content was lower in variant amended with SA. The cucurbits demonstrated varied efficiencies in mitigating the phytotoxicity of the MCPA-treated soil. For soil amended with MCPA + SA, samples remediated with cucumber were characterized as slightly toxic or toxic (45.2%–81.5%), while those planted with zucchini were nontoxic or slightly toxic (−40.6%−47.8%). Development of cucumber seedlings was fully inhibited by MCPA, regardless of SA application, zucchini demonstrated enhanced growth in soil treated with MCPA + SA and no statistically significant differences between morphological parameters of MCPA + SA-treated zucchini in comparison to control plants were observed. The obtained findings suggest that the application of SA is a promising way to mitigate the toxic influence of MCPA in the soil, depending on the cultivated plant species.

Novelty statement: The study meets the criteria of novelty and innovativeness. Most importantly, the study is focused on: phytotoxicity studies to inform about the limitations of phytotechnology based on PSMs. Additionally, this manuscript provides an interdisciplinary description of the effects of MCPA and naturally occurring PSM- SA on cucurbits and soil parameters. Such studies, which combine the interactions between cucurbits, their secondary metabolite (SA) and their role in mitigation of phytotoxicity in MCPA-contaminated soil, has not been performed before.

摘要

本研究的目的是确定植物次生代谢物 (PSM) 丁香酸 (SA) 对 2-甲基-4-氯苯氧乙酸 (MCPA) 污染土壤的性质和两种葫芦科植物状况的影响西葫芦 ( C. pepo L. 'Atena Polka') 和黄瓜 ( C. sativus'Cezar'）生长在那片土壤上。结果表明，MCPA 和 MCPA + SA 的改良改变了土壤的理化性质。用 SA 和/或 MCPA 修正的变体 N 和 K 的含量显着较高，而用 SA 修正的变体 P 含量较低。葫芦科植物在减轻 MCPA 处理土壤的植物毒性方面表现出不同的效率。对于用 MCPA + SA 修复的土壤，用黄瓜修复的样品被表征为微毒或有毒 (45.2%–81.5%)，而种植西葫芦的样品无毒或微毒 (-40.6%-47.8%)。MCPA完全抑制黄瓜幼苗的发育，无论SA应用如何，西葫芦在用 MCPA + SA 处理的土壤中表现出增强的生长，与对照植物相比，观察到 MCPA + SA 处理的西葫芦的形态参数之间没有统计学上的显着差异。所获得的研究结果表明，SA 的应用是减轻 MCPA 在土壤中的毒性影响的一种有前途的方法，具体取决于栽培的植物种类。

新颖性声明：该研究符合新颖性和创新性的标准。最重要的是，该研究的重点是：植物毒性研究，以了解基于 PSM 的植物技术的局限性。此外，该手稿提供了 MCPA 和天然存在的 PSM-SA 对葫芦和土壤参数影响的跨学科描述。此类研究结合了葫芦科植物、其次生代谢物 (SA) 之间的相互作用以及它们在减轻 MCPA 污染土壤中的植物毒性方面的作用，以前从未进行过。