The successful deployment of automated vehicles (AVs) will depend on their capacity to travel within a mixed traffic environment, adopting appropriate interaction strategies across different scenarios. Thus, it is important to gain a detailed understanding of the specific types of interactions that are most likely to arise. The overall purpose of this paper was to present a methodology designed to facilitate the systematic observation of pedestrian-vehicle interactions, and to validate its use for both onsite and video based observations. A detailed observation protocol was developed to capture pedestrian and vehicle movement and communication patterns across four interaction phases. Onsite coders completed field observations of 50 pedestrian-vehicle interactions at a UK intersection, while video coders observed the same interactions recorded through a wireless camera mounted on a nearby rooftop. Results show that the observation protocol provides a reliable methodology for capturing patterns of pedestrian-vehicle interactions, with high levels of inter-coder consistency emerging across all categories of codes. A detailed examination of the specific descriptors selected suggests that onsite coding may be particularly beneficial in situations where the aim is to capture any explicit, and perhaps subtle, communication cues, whereas video based coding may be more appropriate in situations where exact sequences of behaviours or measurements of timings are desired. It is anticipated that this type of observation tool will be beneficial for AV developers to increase their understanding of how to interpret the movements of road users, along with increasing knowledge of when implicit and explicit communication techniques should be used.

自动驾驶汽车 (AV) 的成功部署将取决于它们在混合交通环境中行驶的能力，以及在不同场景中采用适当的交互策略。因此，详细了解最有可能出现的特定交互类型非常重要。本文的总体目的是提出一种旨在促进行人和车辆交互的系统观察的方法，并验证其在现场和基于视频的观察中的使用。开发了一个详细的观察协议来捕捉四个交互阶段的行人和车辆移动和通信模式。现场编码人员完成了对英国十字路口 50 次行人车辆交互的现场观察，而视频编码员则通过安装在附近屋顶上的无线摄像头观察到相同的交互记录。结果表明，观察协议提供了一种可靠的方法来捕获行人车辆交互模式，并且在所有类别的代码中都出现了高度的编码器间一致性。对选定的特定描述符的详细检查表明，现场编码在旨在捕捉任何明确的，也许是微妙的，交流线索的情况下可能特别有益，而基于视频的编码可能更适合于行为或行为的确切序列的情况。需要对时间进行测量。预计这种类型的观察工具将有利于 AV 开发人员增加他们对如何解释道路使用者移动的理解，