Purpose: Changes in living arrangement was one of the most well-established risk factors for mental disorders, but little evidence came from moderating or mediating effect during COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to determine whether associations of changes in living arrangement with mental disorders could be moderated or mediated during COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: Data were a cross-sectional and international population-based survey data collected as part of theCOVID-19 pandemic. Participants included nationally representative general population probability samples of adults (≥ 18 years) during COVID-19 pandemic (N=16,784). Main mental measures were reflected by loneliness assessed by UCLA Loneliness Scale Version 3, anxiety assessed by Generalised Anxiety Disorder 2-item, and depressed mood assessed by The Patient Health Questionnaire-2 in the survey. With control variables, all the mediation models were conducted by Stata mode. Potential influencing effects of social contact and social support as moderators were analyzed using Hayes’s PROCESS macro.
Results: Among the participants, prevalence of mental disorders was high. Logistic regression indicated that changes in living arrangement had significant associations with anxiety (AOR=1.127, 95% CI: 1.018– 1.249) and depression (AOR =1.142, 95% CI: 1.027– 1.269). Mediation models indicated that indirect, direct, and total effects of changes in living arrangement on mental disorders through COVID-symptoms; change in alcohol use; and social contact were significant. Indirect, direct, and total effects of changes in living arrangement on loneliness and depression through social support were significant. Moderation analysis indicated that moderation model 1 in AF Hayes Process procedure was accepted.
Conclusion: This study indicated that associations of changes in living arrangement with mental disorders could be mediated by COVID-symptoms, changes in alcohol use, social contact, and social support and moderated by social support during COVID-19 pandemic. The finding in this study might provide better understanding of the mechanisms by which social support might contribute to the resolving mental disorders.

Keywords: changes in living arrangement, change in alcohol use, moderators, mediators, mental disorders

中文翻译：

---

在 COVID-19 大流行期间，生活安排的变化与精神障碍的关联能否得到缓解或调解？


目的：生活安排的变化是最明确的精神障碍危险因素之一，但很少有证据表明在 COVID-19 大流行期间有调节或中介作用。本研究旨在确定在 COVID-19 大流行期间，生活安排的变化与精神障碍之间的关联是否可以得到缓和或调节。

方法：数据是在 COVID-19 大流行期间收集的基于国际人口的横断面调查数据。参与者包括 COVID-19 大流行期间具有全国代表性的成年人（≥ 18 岁）的一般人群概率样本 (N=16,784)。调查中，主要心理指标通过加州大学洛杉矶分校孤独量表第3版评估的孤独感、广泛性焦虑症第2项评估的焦虑度以及患者健康问卷2评估的抑郁情绪来反映。在控制变量的情况下，所有中介模型均采用Stata模式进行。使用 Hayes 的 PROCESS 宏分析了社会接触和社会支持作为调节因素的潜在影响效果。

结果：参与者中精神障碍的患病率较高。 Logistic回归显示，生活安排的变化与焦虑（AOR=1.127，95% CI：1.018-1.249）和抑郁（AOR=1.142，95% CI：1.027-1.269）显着相关。中介模型表明，生活安排的变化通过新冠症状对精神障碍产生间接、直接和总体影响；饮酒的变化；和社会接触很重要。通过社会支持改变生活安排对孤独和抑郁的间接、直接和总体影响是显着的。调节分析表明AF Hayes Process 过程中的调节模型1 被接受。

结论：这项研究表明，生活安排的变化与精神障碍之间的关联可能是通过 COVID 症状、饮酒、社会接触和社会支持的变化来介导的，并通过 COVID-19 大流行期间的社会支持来调节。这项研究的发现可能有助于更好地理解社会支持有助于解决精神障碍的机制。


关键词：生活安排的变化、饮酒的变化、调节因素、中介因素、精神障碍