There is evidence of misinformation in the online discourses and discussions about the COVID-19 vaccines. Using a sample of 1.6 million geotagged English tweets and the data from the CDC COVID Data Tracker, we conduct a quantitative study to understand the influence of both misinformation and fact-based news on Twitter on the COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the U.S. from April 19 when U.S. adults were vaccine eligible to May 7, 2021, after controlling state-level factors such as demographics, education, and the pandemic severity. We identify the tweets related to either misinformation or fact-based news by analyzing the URLs. By analyzing the content of the most frequent tweets of these two groups, we find that their structures are similar, making it difficult for Twitter users to distinguish one from another by reading the text alone. The users who spread both fake news and fact-based news tend to show a negative attitude towards the vaccines. We further conduct the Fama-MacBeth regression with the Newey-West adjustment to examine the effect of fake-news-related and fact-related tweets on the vaccination rate, and find marginally negative correlations.

中文翻译：

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Twitter 上的假新闻和基于事实的新闻与州级 COVID-19 疫苗接种率呈负相关

在有关 COVID-19 疫苗的在线讨论和讨论中，有证据表明存在错误信息。我们使用 160 万条带有地理标记的英文推文样本和来自 CDC COVID Data Tracker 的数据进行了一项定量研究，以了解 Twitter 上的错误信息和基于事实的新闻对美国自 4 月起采用 COVID-19 疫苗的影响在控制了人口统计、教育和大流行严重程度等州级因素后，美国成年人在 2021 年 5 月 7 日有资格接种疫苗的时间为 19 日。我们通过分析 URL 来识别与错误信息或基于事实的新闻相关的推文。通过分析这两组最频繁的推文的内容，我们发现它们的结构相似，使得推特用户很难通过阅读文本来区分彼此。同时传播假新闻和基于事实的新闻的用户往往对疫苗持消极态度。我们进一步使用 Newey-West 调整进行 Fama-MacBeth 回归，以检查假新闻相关和事实相关推文对疫苗接种率的影响，并发现轻微的负相关。