当前位置：
X-MOL 学术
›
ACS Chem. Health Saf.
›
论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your
feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Counterfeit Pesticides
ACS Chemical Health & Safety ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-15 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chas.1c00010 Alaa Eldin Bayoumi 1
ACS Chemical Health & Safety ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-15 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chas.1c00010 Alaa Eldin Bayoumi 1
Affiliation
|
Counterfeit pesticides used in agriculture or public health services have become a worldwide problem. Adulteration of pesticides can occur in several stages of manufacturing the active ingredient (AI) when using poor raw materials and low-quality solvents to produce either the AI or the formulation by avoiding required purification procedures, leading to impurities in the form of stereoisomers (cis or trans). Also, counterfeit pesticide producers can use low-cost materials in manufacturing packaging materials, among other methods of adulteration. Impurities in counterfeit pesticides, such as ethylmethanesulfonate, isomalathion, or nonylphenol ethoxylates, could threaten human health, environmental components, and national economies. Elaborate tests are necessary to distinguish between original and counterfeit pesticides. Organized crime trades in counterfeit pesticides, driven by their great profits. Global revenues from counterfeit pesticide trade are estimated at more than €4.4 billion (US$5.4 billion) annually. On global and national levels, measures and rules must be followed to combat counterfeit and contraband pesticides. This Review describes the process of producing counterfeit pesticides, their health and economic effects, and Egypt’s prototypical measures in reducing and stopping this trend.
中文翻译：
假冒农药
用于农业或公共卫生服务的假冒农药已成为一个世界性问题。当使用劣质原材料和低质量溶剂生产活性成分 (AI) 或通过避免所需的纯化程序来生产活性成分 (AI) 时，农药掺假可能发生在生产活性成分 (AI) 的几个阶段，从而导致立体异构体（顺式）形式的杂质或反式）。此外，假冒农药生产商可以使用低成本材料制造包装材料，以及其他掺假方法。假冒农药中的杂质，如甲磺酸乙酯、异麦芽硫磷或壬基酚乙氧基化物，可能威胁人类健康、环境成分和国民经济。必须进行详细的测试以区分原始农药和假冒农药。有组织的犯罪在其巨额利润的推动下进行假冒农药交易。假冒农药贸易的全球收入估计每年超过 44 亿欧元（54 亿美元）。在全球和国家层面，必须遵循措施和规则来打击假冒和走私农药。本评论描述了假冒农药的生产过程、它们的健康和经济影响，
更新日期：2021-07-26
中文翻译：
假冒农药
用于农业或公共卫生服务的假冒农药已成为一个世界性问题。当使用劣质原材料和低质量溶剂生产活性成分 (AI) 或通过避免所需的纯化程序来生产活性成分 (AI) 时，农药掺假可能发生在生产活性成分 (AI) 的几个阶段，从而导致立体异构体（顺式）形式的杂质或反式）。此外，假冒农药生产商可以使用低成本材料制造包装材料，以及其他掺假方法。假冒农药中的杂质，如甲磺酸乙酯、异麦芽硫磷或壬基酚乙氧基化物，可能威胁人类健康、环境成分和国民经济。必须进行详细的测试以区分原始农药和假冒农药。有组织的犯罪在其巨额利润的推动下进行假冒农药交易。假冒农药贸易的全球收入估计每年超过 44 亿欧元（54 亿美元）。在全球和国家层面，必须遵循措施和规则来打击假冒和走私农药。本评论描述了假冒农药的生产过程、它们的健康和经济影响，
京公网安备 11010802027423号