Background

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder that tends to persist into adulthood. Many adults with ADHD seek non-pharmacological treatment in addition to pharmacological treatment. Still, there are few non-pharmacological treatment options available. The aim of the current study was to explore the feasibility of a self-guided Internet-delivered intervention for adults with ADHD.

Methods

The study has an uncontrolled, within-group, pre-post design. Thirteen participants with an ADHD diagnosis were included and given access to the first three modules of a seven-module intervention. To explore the feasibility of the intervention, the adherence, credibility, and treatment satisfaction were examined. Preliminary efficacy of the intervention was examined through self-report measures of inattention, hyperactivity, depression, anxiety, stress, and quality of life.

Results

In terms of adherence, seven participants (54%) completed all three intervention modules (M = 1.85, SD = 1.3). The participants reported both good credibility and treatment satisfaction with the intervention. The participants also reported challenges related to usability and technical issues. Although the clinical outcomes must be interpreted with caution due to the study design and the small sample size, a statistically significant reduction in severity of inattention was reported by the participants following the intervention (p = .006, d = 1.57). The reduction was non-significant for hyperactivity (p = .326, d = 0.33). The participants who completed all three modules in the intervention (n = 7) also reported a significant decrease in stress (p = .042, d = 0.67) and a significant increase in quality of life (p = .016, d = 0.99). No significant changes were found on measures of anxiety and depression.

Conclusion

The adherence to the intervention was relatively low, but the participants who completed the study reported good credibility and satisfaction with the intervention. These results indicate that there is a need to improve the intervention to make it more engaging before conducting a randomized-controlled trial investigating the clinical effects of the full seven-module intervention.

中文翻译：

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针对 ADHD 成人的自导式互联网干预：可行性研究

背景

注意缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 是一种普遍存在的神经发育障碍，往往会持续到成年期。除了药物治疗外，许多患有 ADHD 的成年人还寻求非药物治疗。尽管如此，仍然很少有非药物治疗方案可供选择。本研究的目的是探索对患有 ADHD 的成年人进行自我引导的互联网干预的可行性。

方法

该研究具有不受控制的组内事前设计。包括 13 名诊断为 ADHD 的参与者，并获得了七模块干预的前三个模块的访问权限。为了探讨干预的可行性，对依从性、可信度和治疗满意度进行了检查。通过对注意力不集中、多动、抑郁、焦虑、压力和生活质量的自我报告测量来检查干预的初步效果。

结果

在依从性方面，七名参与者 (54%) 完成了所有三个干预模块 ( M  = 1.85, SD  = 1.3)。参与者报告了对干预的良好可信度和治疗满意度。与会者还报告了与可用性和技术问题相关的挑战。尽管由于研究设计和样本量小，必须谨慎解释临床结果，但参与者报告说，干预后注意力不集中的严重程度在统计学上显着降低（p  = .006，d  = 1.57）。减少对多动症不显着（p  = .326，d = 0.33)。完成干预中所有三个模块的参与者 ( n  = 7) 还报告说压力显着降低 ( p  = .042, d  = 0.67) 和生活质量显着提高( p = .016  , d  = 0.99) . 焦虑和抑郁的测量没有发现显着变化。

结论

干预的依从性相对较低，但完成研究的参与者报告了良好的可信度和对干预的满意度。这些结果表明，在进行一项调查完整七模块干预的临床效果的随机对照试验之前，需要改进干预以使其更具吸引力。