Human responses to climate change are continuing to evolve. At one time, mitigation (reduction) of human emissions of greenhouse gases appeared to offer the best response to prevent the worst impacts of a changing climate. It soon became clear, however, that the world would not be able to reduce emissions quickly enough or to a level sufficient to prevent, in the words of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, “dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system”. Climate change is already altering the frequency and severity of extreme weather events worldwide, and these trends are expected to increase in the foreseeable future. Accordingly, it is well recognized that adapting in place to the changing climate is necessary. Yet, that may not be enough. An additional step in responding to climate risks is emerging, one that requires fundamentally and permanently changing the human interactions with nature in parts of the world. This strategy is often referred to as “managed retreat,” but that term has become controversial, and other terms are needed that express inclusion of the positive societal benefits that can emerge from proactive action. This paper provides a review of the emerging themes within the literature of managed retreat as a climate risk management approach, uses examples from the transportation and infrastructure sector, collects and identifies important nomenclature and definitions, key decision-making considerations, and research gaps that warrant immediate attention. The results of this review are intended to be useful to academic climate change adaptation researchers and infrastructure practitioners alike.

人类对气候变化的反应正在不断演变。曾几何时，减缓（减少）人类温室气体排放似乎是防止气候变化带来的最坏影响的最佳应对措施。然而，很快就清楚地表明，世界将无法足够快地减少排放，或减少到足以防止，用联合国气候变化框架公约的话说，“对气候系统的危险人为干扰”。气候变化已经在改变全球极端天气事件的频率和严重程度，预计这些趋势在可预见的未来还会增加。因此，众所周知，适应不断变化的气候是必要的。然而，这可能还不够。应对气候风险的另一个步骤正在出现，一种需要从根本上和永久性地改变世界部分地区人类与自然的互动。这种策略通常被称为“有管理的撤退”，但该术语已引起争议，因此需要其他术语来表达可从主动行动中产生的积极社会效益。本文回顾了作为气候风险管理方法的管理撤退文献中的新兴主题，使用了交通和基础设施部门的例子，收集并确定了重要的术语和定义、关键决策考虑因素以及值得研究的差距立即关注。本次审查的结果旨在对学术气候变化适应研究人员和基础设施从业人员有所帮助。