Regional earthquake early warning (EEW) alerts and related risk-mitigation actions are often triggered when the expected value of a ground-motion intensity measure (IM), computed from real-time magnitude and source location estimates, exceeds a predefined critical IM threshold. However, the shaking experienced in mid- to high-rise buildings may be significantly different from that on the ground, which could lead to sub-optimal decision-making (i.e., increased occurrences of false and missed EEW alarms) with the aforementioned strategy. This study facilitates an important advancement in EEW decision-support, by developing empirical models that directly relate earthquake source parameters to resulting approximate responses in multistory buildings. The proposed models can leverage real-time earthquake information provided by a regional EEW system, to provide rapid predictions of structure-specific engineering demand parameters that can be used to more accurately determine whether or not an alert is triggered. We use a simplified continuum building model consisting of a flexural/shear beam combination and vary its parameters to capture a wide range of deformation modes in different building types. We analyse the approximate responses for the building model variations, using Italian accelerometric data and corresponding source parameter information from 54 earthquakes. The resulting empirical prediction equations are incorporated in a real-time Bayesian framework that can be used for building-specific EEW applications, such as (1) early warning of floor-shaking sensed by occupants; and (2) elevator control. Finally, we demonstrate the improvement in EEW alert accuracy that can be achieved using the proposed models.

当根据实时震级和震源位置估计计算得出的地震动强度测量值 (IM) 的预期值超过预定义的临界 IM 阈值时，通常会触发区域地震预警 (EEW) 警报和相关的风险缓解行动。然而，中高层建筑所经历的震动可能与地面明显不同，这可能会导致上述策略的次优决策（即错误和错过 EEW 警报的发生率增加）。这项研究通过开发经验模型，将地震源参数与多层建筑中产生的近似响应直接相关，从而促进了 EEW 决策支持方面的重要进步。所提出的模型可以利用区域 EEW 系统提供的实时地震信息，提供特定结构工程需求参数的快速预测，可用于更准确地确定是否触发警报。我们使用由弯曲/剪切梁组合组成的简化连续体建筑模型，并改变其参数以捕捉不同建筑类型中的各种变形模式。我们使用意大利加速度数据和来自 54 次地震的相应源参数信息来分析建筑模型变化的近似响应。由此产生的经验预测方程被纳入实时贝叶斯框架中，该框架可用于特定建筑的 EEW 应用，例如 (1) 居住者感知到的地板晃动的早期预警；(2)电梯控制。最后，