After kidney transplantation, mineral and bone disorders are associated with higher risk of fractures and consequent morbidity and mortality. Disorders of calcium and phosphorus, vitamin D deficiency, and hyperparathyroidism are also common. The epidemiology of bone disease has evolved over the past several decades due to changes in immunosuppressive regimens, mainly glucocorticoid minimization or avoidance. The assessment of bone disease in kidney transplant recipients relies on risk factor recognition and bone mineral density assessment. Several drugs have been trialed for the treatment of post-transplant mineral and bone disorders. This review will focus on the epidemiology, effect, and treatment of metabolic and skeletal derangements in the transplant recipient.

肾移植后，矿物质和骨骼疾病与更高的骨折风险以及随之而来的发病率和死亡率相关。钙磷失调、维生素 D 缺乏和甲状旁腺功能亢进也很常见。由于免疫抑制方案的变化（主要是尽量减少或避免糖皮质激素），骨病的流行病学在过去几十年中发生了变化。肾移植受者骨病的评估依赖于危险因素识别和骨矿物质密度评估。几种药物已被试验用于治疗移植后矿物质和骨骼疾病。本综述将重点关注移植受者代谢和骨骼紊乱的流行病学、影响和治疗。