The contemporary U.S. Supreme Court’s religious liberty jurisprudence is unsettled and potentially contradictory because its free exercise jurisprudence, which sometimes allows or requires religion to be shown favor through various exemptions or accommodations, clashes with its establishment clause jurisprudence, which forbids the state from favoring religion.¹ The court allows the state to show favor to religion through accommodations such as the Religious Freedom Restoration Act and Title VII’s religious accommodations.² It has even required ministerial exceptions as a matter of constitutional law.³ To be sure, the status of the Lemon approach to establishment clause jurisprudence is contested among...

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德国宗教自由法学：美国最高法院双管困境的解决方案

当代美国最高法院的宗教自由判例是不稳定的，并且可能相互矛盾，因为其自由行使判例有时允许或要求通过各种豁免或调整来支持宗教，与其禁止国家偏袒宗教的设立条款判例发生冲突。¹法院允许国家通过诸如《宗教自由恢复法》和第七章的宗教便利等便利条件来显示对宗教的支持。²它甚至要求作为宪法问题的部长例外。³可以肯定的是，Lemon方法在确立条款判例中的地位在...