In Italy, recent legislation (Law No. 10/2020) has tuned regulations concerning the donation of one’s postmortem body and tissues for study, training, and scientific research purposes. This study discusses several specific issues to optimise the applicability and effectiveness of such an important, novel regulatory setting.

Critical issues arise concerning the learners, the type of training and teaching activities that can be planned, the position of academic anatomy institutes, the role of family members in the donation process, the time frame of the donation process, the eligibility of partial donation, or the simultaneous donation of organs and tissues to patients awaiting transplantation. In particular, a universal time limit for donations (i.e., one year) makes it impossible to plan the long-term use of specific body parts, which could be effectively preserved for the advanced teaching and training of medical students and surgeons. The abovementioned conditions lead to the limited use of corpses, thus resulting in the inefficiency of the whole system of body donation.

Overall, the donors’ scope for the donation of their body could be best honoured by a more flexible and tuneable approach that can be used on a case-by-case basis.

Furthermore, it is deemed necessary to closely monitor the events scheduled for corpses in public nonacademic institutions or private enterprises. This paper presents useful insights from Italian anatomists with the hope of providing inspiration for drafting the regulations.

In conclusion, this paper focuses on the critical issues derived from the recently introduced Italian law on the donation and use of the body after death and provides suggestions to lawmakers for future implementations.

在意大利，最近的立法（第 10/2020 号法律）调整了关于为研究、培训和科学研究目的捐赠尸体和组织的规定。本研究讨论了几个具体问题，以优化这种重要的新型监管环境的适用性和有效性。

关键问题涉及学习者、可以计划的培训和教学活动的类型、解剖学研究所的位置、家庭成员在捐赠过程中的作用、捐赠过程的时间框架、部分捐赠的资格、或同时向等待移植的患者捐赠器官和组织。尤其是捐赠的普遍时限（即一年）使得特定身体部位的长期使用无法计划，可以有效地保留下来，用于医学生和外科医生的高级教学和培训。上述情况导致尸体的使用受到限制，从而导致整个遗体捐赠系统的效率低下。

总体而言，捐赠者捐赠身体的范围可以通过更灵活和可调整的方法得到最好的尊重，该方法可以根据具体情况使用。

此外，认为有必要密切关注公共非学术机构或私营企业为尸体安排的活动。本文提出了意大利解剖学家的有用见解，希望为起草法规提供灵感。

总之，本文重点关注最近引入的意大利关于死后遗体捐赠和使用的法律所衍生的关键问题，并为立法者提供了未来实施的建议。