Since the election of Donald Trump, MS-13, the Salvadoran street gang, has become a national security and foreign policy concern for his administration. Due to the violence of street gangs like MS-13, El Salvador has become a country with the highest rates of homicides, alongside forced migration. Like much of the mainstream media and personal accounts of asylum seekers, the arguments about violence emerging from street gangs in El Salvador from the Trump administration are based on actual material conditions, but what is often missing are the root causes. This article argues that the production of a moral panic over MS-13 has been transnationalised between the United States and El Salvador to displace the contradictions of global capitalism in El Salvador to a local and deported relative surplus population. It argues that the spectre of MS-13 in El Salvador and throughout US cities must be placed within the limits of a Salvadoran revolution, the insertion of the Salvadoran political economy into the global capitalist system in the 1980s, the development of a neoliberal Salvadoran state, and the US sponsoring of law-and-order polices in the country as a response to regulate a relative surplus population.

中文翻译：

---

跨国道德恐慌：新自由主义和 MS-13 的幽灵

自唐纳德特朗普选举以来，Salvadoran Street Gang Ms-13，已成为国家安全和外交政策关注。由于像 MS-13 这样的街头帮派的暴力行为，萨尔瓦多已成为一个凶杀率最高的国家，同时还有强迫移民。像许多主流媒体和寻求庇护者的个人账户一样，特朗普政府关于萨尔瓦多街头帮派的暴力行为的论点是基于实际的物质条件，但往往缺少根本原因。本文认为，对 MS-13 的道德恐慌的产生已在美国和萨尔瓦多之间跨国化，以将萨尔瓦多全球资本主义的矛盾转移到当地和被驱逐出境的相对过剩人口上。