“Fully polarimetric” in its original radio science usage denotes a receiving instrument's ability to measure the four-parameter Stokes vector characterizing the polarimetric properties of an electro-magnetic (EM) field. In contrast, radar remote sensing specialists use “fully polarimetric” to apply exclusively to radars that evaluate the four complex scattering matrix elements. To disambiguate, polarimetric portrait is suggested, defined to be the Stokes vector of an unbiased EM field. For a passive system, this new name applies without qualification to the four Stokes parameters seen through a passive dual-channel receiver. For an active system, the scene's illumination must have equal weighting between any two orthogonal polarizations to generate a polarimetrically unbiased reflected EM field. The suggested terminology is applicable to a variety of disciplines, including radiometry, alternative polarimetric radar architectures, radar astronomy, weather radar, and GPS/GNSS reflectometry. Polarimetric portraits obtained by dual-polarized and quadrature-polarized radars are shown to be equal.

中文翻译：

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偏光肖像

“完全极化”在其最初的无线电科学用途中表示接收仪器能够测量表征电磁 (EM) 场极化特性的四参数斯托克斯矢量。相比之下，雷达遥感专家使用“全极化”专门应用于评估四个复杂散射矩阵元素的雷达。消除歧义，极化肖像建议，定义为无偏电磁场的斯托克斯矢量。对于无源系统，这个新名称无限制地适用于通过无源双通道接收器看到的四个斯托克斯参数。对于有源系统，场景照明在任意两个正交偏振之间必须具有相等的权重，以生成偏振无偏反射 EM 场。建议的术语适用于各种学科，包括辐射测量、替代极化雷达架构、雷达天文学、天气雷达和 GPS/GNSS 反射测量。双极化和正交极化雷达获得的极化肖像显示是相等的。